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BIRDS AND THEIR CONTROL

BIRDS AND THEIR CONTROL. Why are some birds considered as pests?. 1. CONSUME LARGE QUANTITIES OF GRAIN. 2. CONTAMINATE PRODUCTS, CONTAINERS AND BUILDINGS. 3. SPREAD CERTAIN HUMAN AND ANIMAL DISEASES. 4. THEIR NESTS, FEATHERS AND DRIED CARCASSES MAY BE A SOURCE OF STORED PRODUCT PESTS.

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BIRDS AND THEIR CONTROL

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  1. BIRDS AND THEIR CONTROL

  2. Why are some birds considered as pests? 1. CONSUME LARGE QUANTITIES OF GRAIN 2. CONTAMINATE PRODUCTS, CONTAINERS AND BUILDINGS 3. SPREAD CERTAIN HUMAN AND ANIMAL DISEASES 4. THEIR NESTS, FEATHERS AND DRIED CARCASSES MAY BE A SOURCE OF STORED PRODUCT PESTS. 5. BIRDS ACT AS HOSTS FOR VARIOUS ECTOPARASITES 6. MAY POSE HAZARDS TO AIRCRAFT SAFETY BY COLLIDING WITH THEM

  3. DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH BIRDS 1. HISTOPLASMOSIS 2. ORNITHOSIS (PSITTACOSIS) 3. SALMONELLOSIS 4. TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS 5. ENCEPHALITIS 6. PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS

  4. ECTOPARASITES ASSOCIATED WITH BIRDS • BED BUGS • PIGEON TICKS • FLEAS • CONENOSE BUGS • CHICKEN MITES • NORTHERN FOWL MITES • BAT BUGS

  5. MAJOR PEST SPECIES • The Common Pigeon • The House Sparrow • The European Starling

  6. COMMON PIGEON

  7. COMMON PIGEON • Monogamous relationships • Breeding occurs in all seasons, peaks in spring and fall • Average life span 3 – 4 years • Crude nests of sticks, grass and twigs • Flocks are mobile having resting, roosting and feeding sites

  8. HOUSE SPARROW MALE FEMALE

  9. HOUSE SPARROW • Not a true sparrow but is a weaver finch • Prolific breeders, up to 45 young ones per year • Annual mortality rates are 40 – 60 % • Range of 1 –2 miles • Consumes 6 g of food per day

  10. SPARROW’S NEST

  11. EUROPEAN STARLING

  12. EUROPEAN STARLING • Introduced in the early 1890’s • Flocks in large numbers reaching 100,000 or more • Cavity dwellers • Breeds in spring • 4 – 7 eggs, two broods per season • Very hardy bird, survives harsh conditions

  13. STARLING NEST

  14. STARLINGS LEAVING NEST

  15. BIRD PROTECTION LAWS The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 • Protects bird species like blackbirds, cowbirds, grackles, etc • Feral pigeons, English sparrows and starlings are not protected 2. The State and Local laws are usually more demanding than federal laws 3. Public opinion may be a factor in control of birds

  16. BIRD MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS 1. SURVEY 2. SANITATION 3. EXCLUSION AND HABITAT ALTERATION 4. REPELLANTS 5. POPULATION REDUCTION

  17. BIRD SURVEYS 1. Identification of the bird species 2. Study of the activity patterns 3. Determination of any non target birds which may be at risk 4. Determine the extent of the problem

  18. SANITATION • Limiting or reducing access to food, water and • shelter • Regular removal of nests

  19. EXCLUSION AND HABITAT ALTERATION The aim is to deny them access to enter or use any structure as a nesting, roosting or loafing site • Use of plastic bird netting • Use of covers or ramps • Hanging plastic strips on warehouse doorways

  20. PRUNING TREES TO REDUCE ROOSTING

  21. REPELLANTS 1. TACTILE 2. SOUND 3. ODOR 4. VISUAL

  22. TACTILE REPELLANTS • MECHANICAL REPELLANTS 1. PORCUPINE WIRES eg. Nixalite and Cat claw 2. TIGHTLY STRUNG STRANDS OF STEEL WIRE eg. Piano wire, monofilament wires 3. ELECTRICALLY CHARGED WIRES 4. JETS OF WATER • CHEMICAL REPELLANTS Use of gels, pastes, sprays from concentrates, etc

  23. USE OF WIRES Bird B Gone spikes Bird Barrier Coils

  24. WIRES (CONTD) Daddy Long Legs

  25. LEDGE WIRE

  26. SOUND REPELLANTS Use of sudden loud or unusual noises • Automatic Gas Exploders • Gunfire • Fireworks • Loud piercing alarms • Recorded distress sounds and alarm calls

  27. Electronic alarm device Recorder

  28. ODOR REPELLANTS eg.Naphthalene flakes VISUAL REPELLANTS • Flashing Lights • Fake Owls • Scarecrows • Balloons

  29. POPULATION REDUCTION 1. TOXIC BAITS 2. TOXIC PERCHES 3. TRAPS 4. SHOOTING 5. STRESSING AGENT

  30. TOXIC BAITS • AVITROL & STARLICIDE • STRYCHNINE (TREATED) CORN • CHEMOSTERILANTS eg. Ornitrol

  31. TOXIC PERCHES • Contain 9.4% Endrin and 11% Fenthion • Toxicant is absorbed through the feet

  32. TRAPPING • Prebaiting for several days enhances trapping efficacy • Use of decoy birds to lure in other birds • Food, water and shade are to be maintained SHOOTING • .22 caliber rifle • .410 gauge shotgun • High powered air rifle

  33. STRESSING AGENT • Use of a liquid detergent eg. Tergitol • Breaks down their natural waterproofing • Loss of insulating ability • Applied after birds have returned to roost • Applied during low temperature, rainy days

  34. THE END

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