Banking and Information Technology

Banking and Information Technology Group 1 – DeKalb Lori Wonser Henry Fischer Greg Johnson Aaron Boehm Mia Hannon

Check Clearing Lori Wonser

Checks • Next to cash, checks are the most frequently used method of payment in the U.S. • Account for about 70 % of the total number of payments

“Clearing” checks is a two part process • Clearance • Settlement

Federal Reserve System • Commonly called the "Fed" • Created by Congress in 1913 to serve as central bank of the U.S. • Made up of 12 regional Reserve Banks and the Board of Governors in Washington D.C. • One of the major reasons for creating the Federal Reserve was to ensure that the nation had a safe and efficient means for transferring funds within the banking system

Technology Changes Over Time • Manual operation - all paper records and courier service • Check encoding, machine readable • Small banks to larger banks • Larger banks to Fed • Proofing machines & Mag-card readers • PC's and software for sending electronic files. • Imaging machines • MICR standardization

Fed's Check Modernization Initiative Four Key Points • A standard item-processing platform • A standard image platform with a national archive • A streamlined adjustments process using a national adjustments system • Nationally delivered Check Services via FedLine for the Web

Electronic Check Conversion • Intermediate Step • EFT Processed through ACH (Automated Clearing House)

Automated Clearing House • Transfers funds electronically without the paper trail • Almost 8 billion payments through ACH in 2001 • Amount expected to double by 2006

Will we become paperless?

E-Banking Mia Hannon

Electronic Banking • Provides enormous benefits • Has been around for a long time as ATMs and telephone transactions • Transformed by the Internet • Internet services are cost-efficient • Customers can compare banks’ services • Allows banks to expand geographical reach

Internet Banking • Concentrated in the largest U.S. banks • Mid-2001, 44% of national banks maintained transactional websites • In 2001 only 6 percent of U.S. consumers that had internet bank services used them

PC Banking • Computer hardware, software and telecommunication systems needed to access bank information through a personal computer • Telecommunication links may include: • Private networks • Public networks • Handles many bank transactions: • View account balance • Request transfer between accounts • Pay bills electronically

ATM, Automated Teller Machine • Simple data terminal communicating through a host processor • Can be connected through: • a dedicated telephone line • dail-up modem • Internet service provider

ATM, Automated Teller Machine • Money moves electronically from user’s account to host account to merchant’s account. • New innovations: machines that verbally prompt

Credit Cards • 3 ways credit card purchases are conducted: • merchant uses voice authentication • or electronic data capture/magstripe-card swipe terminals • or virtual terminals on the Internet

Smart Cards • Contains an embedded microprocessor • Microprocessor enforces access to the data on the card • Identity of card user must be confirmed for each transaction • Card and card reader verify that each is legitimate • Then transaction is carried out in an encrypted format

Smart Cards Cont. • Most common smart card applications are: • Credit cards • Electronic cash • Computer security systems • Wireless communication • Loyalty systems (frequent flyers points) • Banking • Satellite TV • Government identification

Other Forms of Electronic Banking • Direct Deposit • Pay-by-Phone • Electronic Bill Payment • Debit Cards • Electronic Check Conversion • eChecks • Cash Value Stored

Technology in Loan and Credit Processing Henry Fischer

Loan and Credit Processing is Labor Intensive • Because they both rely heavily on the: • Gathering of Information • Processing of Information • Analyzing of Information

A Challenge for Financial Institutions • Streamline and Standardize the Loan Origination and Credit Approval Process

How can this be done? • The Use of Technology to automate the workflow of the Loan Process • Technology to shorten the length of the Credit Approval Process

Automating The Loan Process • Workflow Management Systems Application Software allows Loan Officers and the Loan Team to: • Manage • Prioritize • Measure • New Mortgages and Loans

Credit Processing • Successful financial institutions must be able to make rapid, accurate, and successful credit decisions • To do this financial institutions must embrace technology

The ever-increasing emergence of E-commerce, demands that financial institutions be more efficient and better meet customers’ needs To do this There are several web-based applications available to lenders and financial institutions to assist in credit decisions

Web-based applications allow loan processing teams to be more competitive by: • Offering flexible, real-time credit decisions systems • Customizable lender guidelines • Generation of instant loan pre-qualification • Connectivity to third-party providers • Response time within minutes, 24/7

Physical Security Aaron Boehm

Introduction • Physical security in the bank goes beyond the traditional armed security guards. • Physical security devices are as important inside a bank as protection software is to e-banking.

Physical Security Devices • Non-traditional • Micro-Branch systems • Drive-up Pneumatic systems • Traditional • Vaults • Safes • Bullet-resistive products

Security guard duties/training • The oldest form of security in banks is the security guard. • Security guard duties include: the protection of people and property from harm, theft, or unlawful activity, deterring, detecting, observing, and reporting unlawful or unauthorized activity, and responding to security alarm systems. • Security guards must pass a 47-hour firearm training course in order to have the authorization to carry a firearm while on duty. • Guards undergo training in camera systems and alarm systems. • While the security guard is the oldest form of bank security but they are still proven to be effective.

Electronic Security Greg Johnson

Understanding the Risks • Unauthorized Access • Data Alteration • Monitoring • Spoofing • Service Denial • Repudiation

Suggested Items • Smart Cards • Encryption • Behavior Software • Informing Employees • Removing Instant Messengers • Subvert Antivirus Wear • File Swapping • Piggy Backing/Access

Conclusion From all of this, we have learned that information technology has spurred competition from nonbanks, encouraged financial innovations that have allowed firms to directly access financial markets, and empowered customers and businesses with information needed to make better investment decisions. At the same time, IT is allowing banks to offer new products, operate more efficiently, raise productivity, expand geographically and compete globally. A more efficient, productive banking industry is providing services of greater quality and value.

Banking and Information Technology

Banking and Information Technology

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