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Plate Tectonics

Plate Tectonics. Plate Tectonics – PASS Preparation. Teacher Guide. This PowerPoint is designed to reinforce student knowledge of plate tectonics. Examples of questions on this topic can be found on page 51 of the Oklahoma PASS Social Studies Test Preparation Workbook – Middle Grades Level .

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Plate Tectonics

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  1. Plate Tectonics

  2. Plate Tectonics – PASS Preparation Teacher Guide This PowerPoint is designed to reinforce student knowledge of plate tectonics. Examples of questions on this topic can be found on page 51 of the Oklahoma PASS Social Studies Test Preparation Workbook – Middle Grades Level. Overview NCGE Standards The World in Spatial Terms: STANDARD 1: How to use maps and other geographic representations, tools, and technologies to acquire, process, and report information. Physical Systems: STANDARD 7: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface. Environment and Society: STANDARD 15: How physical systems affect human systems. PASS Objectives 7th Grade World Geography: STANDARD 3: The student will examine the interactions of physical systems that shape the patterns of the earth’s resources. STANDARD 5. The student will examine the interactions of humans and their environment.   Grade Level Seventh Grade GIS Skill Level No GIS knowledge is necessary Time One 50-minute class periods for completion of activity. Materials: This activity does not requires personal computers. Sources: Oklahoma PASS Social Studies Test Preparation Workbook – Middle Grades Level, Prentice Hall 2001. Plate Tectonics – PASS Preparation Teacher Guide

  3. Page 51 Oklahoma PASS Social Studies Test Preparation Workbook Middle Grades Level

  4. Continental Drift • Alfred Wegener – 1912 • Noticed how continents seemed to “fit” together • Pangaea “all lands” • Couldn’t explain it geologically

  5. Break-up of Pangaea

  6. Continental Drift • How could we test or verify this?

  7. Plate Tectonics • A framework for understanding the massive crustal rearrangement that has taken place. • How have continents been moved? • Giant convection cells powered by radiation in the Earth’s mantle. • New crust is created at mid-oceanic ridges

  8. Convective cells

  9. Oceanic ridges

  10. Types of Plate Boundaries • 1. Divergent boundaries (Seafloor spreading) • Occurs at oceanic ridges • 2. Convergent boundaries • One plate slides under another • Transcurrent boundaries • Plates slide by one another

  11. Converging plates

  12. Transcurrent boundary (San Andreas Fault)

  13. Wegener Was Right • Continental shelves do fit • Glacial evidence in Africa and South America • Matching geology • Matching fossil record (plants and animals) in Africa and South Africa, Europe and North America, Madagascar and India • Paleomagnetism • Hot spots • Uniformitarianism • GPS

  14. Source: Dorling Kindersley Continental shelves fit

  15. Glacial sediments found in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America

  16. Matching Geological Record Source: Florida State University

  17. Matching Fossil Record Source: Florida State University

  18. Paleomagnetism

  19. Age of plates Source: University of Oklahoma • Movement rates verified by GPS • Average plate movement is several centimeters a year

  20. Hot Spot Source: USGS Source: National Geographic

  21. Plate boundaries and hotspots

  22. Pacific Ring of Fire Source: Wikimedia Commons

  23. Plate Tectonics • Why care?

  24. Volcanoes

  25. 1986 Mexico City Earthquake

  26. Coastal town: Before

  27. Coastal town: After

  28. 1. Most volcanoes and earthquakes occur: a. Near the centers of continents b. Along plate boundaries c. Around Antarctica d. In northern Eurasia 2. The theory of plate tectonics states that: a. The Earth’s surface never changes b. The Earth’s outer shell is one solid piece of rock c. The Earth’s oceans and continents ride on top of moving plates d. The Earth’s surface is made up of plates that do not move 3. The volcanically active ring that surrounds the Pacific Ocean is known as: a. The Ring of Death b. The Volcanic Bowl c. The Ring of Fire 4. Name three major natural hazards associated with tectonic plate boundaries: 1. 2. 3. 5. The island chain of Hawaii is a: a. Convergent plate boundary b. Divergent plate boundary c. Transcurrent plate boundary d. Hot spot Questions Name: Hour: 6. True or False (Circle One). The Earth’s magnetic pole flips occasionally (approximately every 100,000 years). 7. True or False (Circle One). Continental plates move several miles each year. 8. True of False (Circle One). Wegener’s studies of continental drift emphasized matching coastlines, fossils, and rocks in Africa and Europe. 9. True of False (Circle One). Wegener’s name for the protocontinent that broke apart into today’s continents was Pangaea. 10. True of False (Circle One). Earthquakes are most common at transcurrent boundaries. Plate Tectonics – PASS Preparation Questions

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