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现场总线技术

现场总线技术. IEC 61158. ABB 现场总线技术. PROFIBUS & F OUNDATION. 传统控制系统. Operate IT. Engineer IT. HSI, 工程师站. 控制网络. 控制器. 控制功能 控制系统硬件. I/O. I/O. 电机马达控制中心 电源供电柜. 变送器， 执行机构. 现场总线基础控制系统. Operate IT. Engineer IT. Optimize IT. HSI, 工程师站. 控制网络. 控制器. 控制 功能组 控制器硬件. 断路 器 , 保险 电源供电柜. /.

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现场总线技术

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  1. 现场总线技术 IEC 61158 ABB 现场总线技术 PROFIBUS & FOUNDATION

  2. 传统控制系统 OperateIT EngineerIT • HSI, 工程师站 • 控制网络 控制器 • 控制功能 • 控制系统硬件 I/O I/O • 电机马达控制中心 • 电源供电柜 • 变送器，执行机构

  3. 现场总线基础控制系统 OperateIT EngineerIT OptimizeIT • HSI, 工程师站 • 控制网络 控制器 • 控制功能组 • 控制器硬件 • 断路器, 保险 • 电源供电柜 / • 智能设备 • 控制功能

  4. 远程 I/O, 重要的中间环节 传统结构 远程 I/O 与现场总线 高速现场总线 I.S.-barriers marshalling 低速现场总线

  5. 从传统I/O到现场总线的发展 I/O 信号 现场总线应用的预估 系统 I/O system, I/O 远程 I/O remote I/O 现场总线设备 fieldbus- devices 时间 today?

  6. E E + # # 现场仪表通信技术发展 Fieldbus 4 ... 20 mA A 全数字通信 PROFIBUS (Process Fieldbus)FF (Foundation Fieldbus)LON (Local Operating Network) 传统常规仪表1965 4 ... 20 mA + 调制数字通信 A HART1987 IBIS FSK-Modem A Fieldbus1985/95/97/99 Profibus Profiles for theProcess-, Building- and Production automation SattLine Advant OCS SattGraph 5000 Industrial IT Controller

  7. 现场总线标准发展 Fieldbus EU-ProjectDIAS / FIP1985 > 50 differentclosed, openand standardizedsolutions Bitbus, PDV-Bus, VDMA-Sensorbus, CAN: DeviceNet / CIA/CAL/SDS,PNET (1996), Interbus, LonWorks, euroLON, CANopen, Modbus plus, AS-I and others France USA Germany, Europe Projects ABB, Bailey ABB, H&B, F&P H&B FIP1985 (1996) PROFIBUS-DP1989 (1996) WorldFIPNorthAmerica EU-ProjectFICIM / FIP1991 ISP1992 PNO/PTO EU-ProjectPRIAM1993 FoundationFieldbus1994/98 PROFIBUS-DP1994 FIPEurope1994 Pilot projects P-DP/PA1998 PROFIBUS-PA1996 (1996) = EN 50 170

  8. 主要现场总线系统比较 Fieldbus Fieldbus 协议 状态 标记 1= Bit-, 2=Byte-, 3=Block wise Profibus-FMS/DP/PA stand. German 事实总线标准, DP and PA,EN 50170-2 2 PA / FF (H1), EEx ia/ib具有相同物理层 Foundation Fieldbus stand. US-American 标准, HSE-Bus and H1-Bus,-> ISA SP50 2 H1-Bus 可以在危险区应用 FIP Europe stand. French 国际标准, 通常用于连接各类PLC设备 EN 50 170-3 3 CAN: DeviceNet/SDS open 最初设计为汽车制造业应用CANopen 2 通常用做内部总线 (e.g. PLC’s, Remote I/O’s) LON open 最初设计为楼宇自动化应用 ,LonWorks, euroLON 1/2/3 覆盖整个 7 层协议, 支持Ex-i 应用 Interbus open Interbus-S 协会, Number 1 in Europe, 无 Ex,Interbus 协会 2 传感器/执行机构 总线 AS-I open 执行机构/传感器-接口, 小数据量的快速数据传输Company consortia 1 124 Bit - 最大 5 ms

  9. 什么是现场总线 ? Fieldbus • 现场仪表全数字双向通信系统... • 智能化“HART ”仪表 (Profile V2.0) 现场总线技术带来有限的编程优势 ... DCS / PLC系统对现场多变量仪表的 连续监控 • 多变量现场仪表 (Profile V3.0), e.g.- T-Transmitter: T-Value in E.U. and status signals, no span adjustment, ...- P-Transmitter: P-Value in E.U. and status signals, no span adjustment, ...- F-Transmitter: F-Value and Quantity-Value and status signals, ...- E-Transmitter: Current and Voltage and Active power and Frequency, ...- Positioner / Actuator: Positioning setpoint and Positioning feedback and End position alarm and Service on-demand“ status, ... • 现场仪表多节点连接 (mA-Supply and Data communication) • 控制回路与报警的实时执行 ! • 真正将智能化控制策略分布到现场，全分布控制系统；

  10. 全数字现场通信总线 • 现场总线提供全数字、双向、多站点的过程自动化通信系统 • 现场总线设备优于SMART设备： • 允许设备监控、诊测高信息流通信 • 提供为现场多个设备供电 • 具有工程单位和信号状态的过程值显示 • 支持多变量仪表通信 • 支持将控制功能下放到现场智能设备 • 支持资产优化应用技术

  11. Fieldbus FoundationH1 支持现场设备（流量-压力等）高层可互操作性设计思路 动态调度控制链接 令牌传递（4字节） Bandwidth HSE Acyclic Comms FF H1 Cyclic Comms Link Active Scheduler AI PID Generic Diagram

  12. PROFIBUS PA • “Function Blocks” 分布到现场 • DP 标准的扩展 • 使用Coupler实现耦合连接和供电 • 支持现场设备 (温度, 压力, 流量, 定位器 等 ) • FISCO - 防爆区认证 Master cyclic acycliccomms PID Generic Diagram DP SegmentCoupler PA PV Slaves

  13. PROFIBUS DP • 高速数据通信 • 允许多个主设备对从设备的通信 • 现场设备周期与非周期的通信 • Master, 线路与从设备的冗余 • GSD, DTM 组态 Ethernet,TCP/IP Backbone HMI Master Segment 2 T Segment 1 R R SegmentCoupler Generic Diagram DP Slave DP Slave PA Slaves

  14. PROFIBUS-DP - 物理层RS 485 - 传输技术，A 类电缆 RS 485:总线用户 (Master, Slave, DP/PA-Coupler, Repeater) max. 32 per segment (Physik), total 128 (Addresses) max. 3 Repeater including 4 segments 10 k Distance [m] 1200 m 1.2 k 1000 m 1 k 400 m 9.6 kBit/s 19.2 kBit/s 45.45 kBit/s 93.75 kBit/s 200 m 187.5 kBit/s RS 485 100 m 100 500 kBit/s 1500 kBit/s 6000 kBit/s 12000 kBit/s 3000 kBit/s 15 RS 232C 10 100 1 K 10 K 20 K 100 K 1 M 10 M Transmission rate [Bit/s]

  15. PROFIBUS-DP - Bus 拓扑 网络结构 (max. 3 Repeater) • 使用 Type A电缆直线连接32设备:for 93.75 kBit/s < 3.2 m, for 0.5 ... 12 MBit/s < 0.6 ... 0 m • Link segment:段内无连接设备 FOC: Plastic fiber < 80 m, Glass fiber < 15 km up to 12 MBit/s • Repeater:带隔离器,同时可以在 Copper <-> FO间转换 • 在一段内:S DPM + S DPS + S S + R < 32总共地址号:S DPM + S DPS + S PAS + 2 < 128 Ethernet,TCP/IP Backbone MasterDPM2 HMI MasterDPM1 T = Termina- tion network PNC Segment 1 Segment 2 T R R Segment 3= FOC Link- Segment Segment 4 DPSlave DPSlave DPSlave DPSlave S R T R = RepeaterS = DP/PA- Coupler

  16. PROFIBUS-DP - 物理层PMA 与介质指标 (6) (6) • RS 485, Standard Sub-D Plugs 9-pinbus subscriber potential free, termination network jumperable • Copper-Cable: EN 50170-2 Type A (Types A-B), EIA RS 485 (US-Standard)shielded and twisted cable up to 1200 m per segment, max. 4 segments Impedance: 135 ... 165  for 3 ... 20 MHz, capacity lining: < 30 pF/m,loop resistance: < 110 /km, line cross-section: > 0.34 mm2 VP + 5V + 5V 390  390  (3) (3) RXD/TXD-P 220  220  (8) (8) RXD/TXD-N 390  390  (5) (5) DGND DGND Termination networks either inthe connectors or in the devices Master Class 1, DPM1 Last devicein the segment

  17. PROFIBUS-DP/PA System Field Fieldnone-Ex • DP/PA-Coupler: Transparent for the Master (no address) • DP/PA-Link: Behavior like a DP-Slave (address, max. 224 Byte User Data) • Numbers of PA-Devices: EEx ia IIC < 6 ! (10), none-Ex < 24 ! (32) Advant OCS Operate IT DP/PA-Coupler 9.6 ... 93.75 ... 12 000 kBit/s RS 485 = H2-Bus 31.25 kBit/sIEC 1158-2 = H1-Bus Repeater PROFIBUS-DP PROFIBUS-PA Ex i Ex i Ex i Paneldevice Trans-mitter Posi-tioner Trans-mitter EEx ped[ib] IIC T4 230 V Fielddevice Supplyunit

  18. Profibus - Bus 接线 L Profibus-DP L < 1200 m2)Sub-D,9-pinpreferred !T-Plug IP40LS< 0.2 m< 1.5 MBit/snotallowed ! Profibus-PA L < 1900 mTerminals,not useful !T-Plug IP66LS< 30 ... 120 m depending on thenumbers of stubsJunction/Star-BoxLS< 30 ... 120 m Line structure(Daisy chain) T T Line 1) withlinear stubs LS T Tree structure 1) LS 1)Line structure and tree structure my be combined2) For 93.75 kBit/s

  19. 组态 - GSD, Template, FDT/DTM ESwith Profibus-DP/PAConfigurator Profibus Configuration HMI 唯一通信参数文件: GSD-Files公用数据 + 应用: 模板, DTM PNC PROFIBUS-PA PROFIBUS-DP

  20. PROFIBUS-DP 网络配置 Freelance 2000FieldController Master Class 1 withClass 2 (DP/V1)Functionality DigiToolConfiguration • Master • 仪表从设备 • 模件从设备

  21. PB 1)设备的硬件描述 TB 2)设备详细应用指标描述 AO,AI,DI,DO3)设备在DCS系统上显示的基本功能描述 功能块 - PA 设备Profiles - Version 3.0 1) 每个设备1 PB-Block 2) 标准变送器1 TB-Block , n x TB 为多变量变送器3) 标准变送器1 AI-Block , n x AI 为多变量变送器至少 1 AI- and 1 AO-Block 用于 定位器/执行结构 Device Management Systemand standard parameter for all included blocks Physical Block Transducer Block In/Output Block

  22. PROFIBUS-PA 设备功能 • Physical Block Data (Resource Block)制造商, 设备类型, 序列号, 诊测 (Self-test), 密码, 认证, 工厂设置, 设备描述, 设备信息, 制造日期,软件修订, 硬件修订, TAG, 配置统计, ... -> e.g. TF12 = 32 Variables • Transducer Block Data (e.g. Pressure transmitter)传感器精度, 传感器极限测试, 传感器报警, 根据现场实际应用转换为工程单位值, 传感器类型, 过程连接介质, 隔膜介质, 填充液, O-Ring material, ... -> e.g. TF12 = 80 Variables • Transmitters: T emperature, P ressure, F low, L evel, D ensity, W eight mass, S peed, Rotary speed, R adiation, Q uality, E lectrical variablesActuators: Electric actuator, electro-pneumatic and electro-hydraulic actuator • Input / Output Block Data (e.g. Analog Input) Output, Channel (Input), scaling process variable, scaling output variable, 滤波时间常量, 仿真, 报警 (HI_HI, HI, LO, LO_LO, hysteresys) -> e.g. TF12 = 3 x 34 Variables

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