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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Mr. Z’s Cool Science Classes

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Mr. Z’s Cool Science Classes. CATALYST. The remainder of the unit is on the CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY Systems. How are they related?. Functions of the Circulatory System. Organisms composed of a small # of cells do not need a circulatory system. Why?

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Mr. Z’s Cool Science Classes

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  1. CIRCULATORY SYSTEMMr. Z’s Cool Science Classes

  2. CATALYST • The remainder of the unit is on the CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY Systems. How are they related?

  3. Functions of the Circulatory System • Organisms composed of a small # of cells do not need a circulatory system. • Why? • B/c Oxygen, nutrients, and waste products can easily diffuse back and forth across cell membranes • THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM CONSISTS OF THE HEART, A SERIES OF BLOOD VESSELS, AND THE BLOOD THAT FLOWS THROUGH THEM.

  4. Functions of the Circulatory System • Larger organisms, however, cannot rely on diffusion. • Most of their cells are not in direct contact with the environment, and substances in one part of the organism may be needed in another part.

  5. 3 COMPONENTS OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM • HEART • BLOOD VESSELS • BLOOD

  6. HEART • YOUR HEART IS COMPOSED ALMOST ENTIRELY OF MUSCLE, IS A HOLLOW ORGAN; ABOUT THE SIZE OF YOUR CLENCHED FIST.

  7. HEART • The heart is enclosed by a protective tissue called the pericardium. • Myocardium- ( myo-greek meaning muscle, kardia meaning heart) a thick layer of muscle that contracts to pump blood through the circulatory system. • If Itis means “inflammation,” what does myocarditis mean?

  8. HOT QUESTION? • If Itis means “inflammation,” what does myocarditis mean? • INFLAMMATION OF THE HEART

  9. HEART • ATRIUM (atria plural)- upper chamber that receives blood • VENTRICLE- lower chamber, which pumps blood out of the heart • The heart has 4 chambers– 2 atria and 2 ventricles.

  10. The Heart • Blood could not help the body if it didn’t flow. • Blood flows because the circulatory system has a pump – the heart. • The heart forces blood to move all over the body. • Keeping fit, not smoking, and eating food low in animal fats will reduce the risk of diseases that affect the heart

  11. Circulation Through the Body • The heart functions as 2 separate pumps. • Pulmonary Circulation -Right Side pumps blood from heart to lungs • Systemic Circulation -Oxygen-rich blood flows into left side of heart and to rest of body.

  12. Blood flow through the heart

  13. Circulation through the Heart • Valves-there are flaps of connective tissue between the atria and the ventricles. • Blood moving from the atria holds the valves open. When the ventricles contract, the valves close, which prevents blood from flowing back into the atria. • This system of valves keeps blood moving through the heart in one direction, like traffic on a one way street.

  14. HOT QUESTION!!! • What is the function of the heart valves? • The function of the heart valves is to prevent any backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria

  15. “lub-dub” • Throughout a lifetime, the average person’s heart beats about 3 billion times!!!!! • To do all that work, the heart requires a lot of oxygen! 3,000,000,000 times!

  16. BLOOD VESSELS • AORTA-large blood vessel, which is the st of a series of blood vessels that carry the blood on its round trip through the body and back to the heart. • As blood flows through the circulatory system, it moves through 3 types of blood vessels—arteries, capillaries, and veins.

  17. Circulatory Pathway • Blood returning to the heart is low in oxygen. • This blood is pumped through the right side of the heart into arteries that lead to the lungs. • As blood flows through the capillaries in the lungs, it picks up oxygen and gets rid of waste. • Leaving the lungs, the blood travels through veins, back to the heart. • Blood returning to the heart from the lungs is ready to deliver oxygen to the rest of the body.

  18. Oxygen-rich blood is pumped through the left side of the heart and out the aorta, the largest artery in the body. • From the aorta , blood flows to all parts of the body through a system of increasing smaller arteries. • The smallest of the blood vessels are the capillaries.

  19. Capillariesare the side streets and alley of the circulatory system. • The walls are only one cell thick! And, most are so narrow that blood cells must pass through them in single file. • The real work of the circulatory – bringing oxygen to the tissues and gathering carbon dioxide and other waste products from them – is done in thecapillaries. • Once blood has passed through the capillary system, it must be returned to the heart. This is the job ofveins.

  20. Pulse • Each time your heart beats, it pumps the blood through your arteries and you can feel it. It is called a pulse. • You can feel your pulse where your arteries are close to the surface of your skin. • Gently place two fingers (not your thumb!) on the side of your neck or on the inside of your wrist or elbow.

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