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Understanding Web Services: Architecture, Standards, and Benefits of SOA

Dive into the world of web services with this comprehensive guide exploring the architecture, types, and advantages of using Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). Learn how client-server applications communicate, enabling users to access data without in-house storage. Discover the importance of web service standards such as WSDL, SOAP, and REST, and how they contribute to interoperability and data exchange. This resource breaks down complex components and presents the organizational benefits of implementing web services, ensuring a clearer understanding of this essential technology in modern business processes.

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Understanding Web Services: Architecture, Standards, and Benefits of SOA

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  1. Web Services By Joshua Moorehead Jayme Bennett

  2. What are Web Services? • Client and server applications • The client uses an application to make a request to a server application • Method of communications • This allows users to access requested data without it being stored in-house

  3. Web Services Architecture

  4. Web Services(application services) • Combination of programming and data • Application Components • Easily Accessible • Self-contained and Self-describing

  5. Two types of uses • Reusable application components • Some applications need specific data that is used multiple times. Reusing code to fit a particular service saves on development • Connect existing software • Linking existing data helps to improve problems dealing with interoperability

  6. Categories of Web Services • Business Information • Sharing information with consumers or other businesses • Business Integration • Travelocity, eBay, CreditKarma • Business Process Externalization • Extremely useful to integrate processes • Adds value for Global business processes

  7. Implementation • Web services can implement a service-oriented architecture • Service-Oriented Architecture(SOA) • Software that provides an application functionality as services to other applications

  8. Service-Oriented Architecture • Benefits • Data exchange is easy and simultaneous • Reusable • Low development and maintenance costs • Organizational Benefits • Agility • Cost Reductions • Return on Investment

  9. IT Benefits • Meeting IT Goals • Simpler systems • Lowering maintenance costs • Enhancing architectural flexibility • Lowering integration costs

  10. A typical Web Service Invocation

  11. Server side of a Web Service

  12. Service-Oriented Architecture • Interoperability • Common payload and protocol • Published and discoverable interfaces • Loose coupling • Multiple communication interfaces • Composability

  13. Service Architecture • Physical Design • Databases, software, legacy systems, XML schemas, data stores

  14. Entities of SOA • Service Providers • Creates the Web Service Interface • Publishes interface to service registry • Service Consumers • Web Service client retrieves data from the broker’s registry • Service Directories/Brokers • Returns information about how to bind a service

  15. How do Web Services use SOA? • SOA is the overall software application • A blueprint • IT strategy • Web Services • Standard communication mechanisms • Constructed chunks and components

  16. SOA Visualized

  17. Web Services Standards • There are four different types of Web Service Standards. • WSDL (Web Services Description Language) • SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) • REST (Representational State Transfer) • UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and integration.)

  18. What is WSDL? • XML based interface description language used to describe the functionality of the web service. • Often combined with SOAP and an XML schema to provide web services over the internet. • Developed by IBM, Microsoft and Ariba to describe web services for their SOAP toolkit.

  19. Web Service Addressing • URI (Uniform Resource Identifier • http://live.capescience.com/ccx/GlobalWeather • Only used by programs and not by humans.

  20. SOAP • It is a protocol specification for exchanging structured information • Basic messaging framework upon which web services can be built • Consists of three parts • An envelope, defines what is in the message and how to process it • A set of encoding rules for expressing instances of application data types • A convention for representing procedure calls and responses

  21. How Does it Work?

  22. Parts of SOAP • Consists of three parts. • An envelope, defines what is in the message and how to process it. • A set of encoding rules for expressing instances of application data types. • A convention for representing procedure calls and responses.

  23. SOAP continued • Has 3 major characteristics. • Extensibility • Neutrality • Independence

  24. How can SOAP be used? • Can be used to talk to a real-estate database to transmit data.

  25. Pros and Cons • Advantages • SOAP is versatile enough to allow for different transport protocols. • Works will with firewalls. • Disadvantages • Can be slower than some competing middleware technologies such as COBRA or ICE. • When using http, only one party(the client) can use the services of the other.

  26. RESTful Web Services • REST – Representational State Transfer • An alternative to SOAP • While SOAP focuses on standard communication protocols REST describes a set of architectural principles. • Stateless operations • Manipulates existing state of resources through XML

  27. About REST • Completely Stateless • Good caching infrastructure • No standard set of rules • Useful for restricted-profiles • Easy to integrate • Simple compared to SOAP

  28. UDDI • Platform-independent, XML based registry to locate web service applications. • Originally intended as a core web service standard. • Designed to be interrogated by SOAP messages and to provide access to WSDL documents describing the protocol bindings and message formats.

  29. UDDI Structure • White Pages • Address, contact, and known identifiers. • Yellow Pages • Industrial categorization based on standard taxonomies • Green Pages • Technical information about services exposed by the business.

  30. White Pages • Gives Information about the business supplying the service. • Includes name of business and a description of the business • Contact information for business is also provided.

  31. Yellow Pages • Provides a classification of the service or business. • Because a business may provide a number or service, there may be several yellow pages associated with on ewhite page.

  32. Green Pages • Gives information on how to access a web service, with information on service bindings. • Gives the address of the service and the parameters and references to specification of the interfaces

  33. History of UDDI • Written in 2000 • Writers had a vision that that consumers of web services would be linked up with providers through a public brokerage system. • UDDI didn’t catch on as planned

  34. Web Services Protocol Stack • Service Transport • XML Messaging • Service Description • Service Discovery

  35. Security Issues • Web Services are program-to-program not human-to-program interactions • XML • Digital Signature • Encryption • Key Management Specification • SAML (Secure Assertion Markup Language) • XML-based framework

  36. Big Names in Web Services

  37. Who uses Web services? • eBay • Extending APIs that make its site a platform • Amazon.com • Amazon Web Services(AWS) • Collection of Web Services

  38. Amazon Web Services • Launched in 2006, first year 180,00 developers signed up. • Accessed over HTTP using REST and SOAP Protocols. • Most popular web services are Amazon EC2 and Amazon S3.

  39. Who uses Amazon Web Services

  40. Netflix and Amazon • Netflix and Amazon Prime are competitors in the streaming media services market. • Netflix uses Amazon AWS for several functions. • Using amazon AWS Netflix has grown exponentially because of the reliability of AWS.

  41. New Development in Web Services • Web API • Development in webservices making it simpler. • Simpler also means cheaper. • There are many critics of non-RESTFUL web services.

  42. Oracle • Oracle • Oracle Web Services manager(OSWM) • Two categories of Web Services in Oracle • Weblogic Web Services • Oracle Infrastructure Web Services • Other Oracle Web Services products • Oracle Jdeveloper • Oracle Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control • WebLogic Server Scripting Tool

  43. SAP • SAP is a leading develop of web services. • Tools for Web Service Development • SAP Web Application Server • SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio

  44. The future of Web Services • Web 2.0 • Web Services and Cloud Computing

  45. The End

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