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Chapter 31 Reptiles and Birds

Chapter 31 Reptiles and Birds. Godzwilla rules!!!. Reptiles. -vertebrates -dry, scaly skin -lungs -terrestrial eggs with several membranes. Evolution. Early on, Mammal like reptile: great variety but died out Later, Dinosaurs: great adaptive radiation, reproduce away from water.

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Chapter 31 Reptiles and Birds

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  1. Chapter 31 Reptiles and Birds Godzwilla rules!!!

  2. Reptiles • -vertebrates • -dry, scaly skin • -lungs • -terrestrial eggs with several membranes

  3. Evolution • Early on, Mammal like reptile: great variety but died out • Later, Dinosaurs: great adaptive radiation, reproduce away from water

  4. 2 groups • bird hipped dinosaurs and lizard hipped dinosaurs • Mass extinction 65 million yrs. ago

  5. Keys to Reptile Life • well developed lungs • double loop circulatory system • water conserving excretory system • strong limbs • internal fertilization • shelled, terrestrial eggs

  6. Groups of Reptiles • - Lizards/ snakes Order Squamata • - Crocodilian Order Crocodilia warm climates,alligators, crocs, caimans • - Turtles (water) and tortoises (land) Order Testudines • -Tuataras Order Sphenodonata like lizards, lack external ears, have primitive scales, have “third eye”

  7. Tuatara Anyone got a cricket??

  8. Ectotherm/ Feeding/ Respiration • Ectotherm- animal that relies on behavior to help control body temperature • Feeding- many types: herbivores, carnivores, omnivores • Respiration- well developed lungs, most reptiles cannot exchange gases through skin

  9. Circulation • double loop circulatory system • 1 loop: blood to and from lungs • 2nd loop: blood to and from body • heart contains 2 atria and 1 or 2 ventricles

  10. Excretion • Excretion-urine produced in kidneys, expelled in cloaca • In water reptiles (crocs and alligators) waste is ammonia and is diluted with water • In land reptiles waste is converted to uric acid (less toxic), excess water is absorbed in cloaca and urine turns to crystals and forms pasty white solids

  11. Response • Response very complex • Larger brain • Good sense of smell ex snakes • Good hearing

  12. Movement Reproduction • Movement- legs rotated under body, help carry body weight • Reproduction-internal fertilization • Amniotic egg- shell and membranes that create protective environment in which the embryo can develop out of the water

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