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This presentation outlines the improvement of high energy (HE) radiation hardness and dose rate due to induced radioactivity for the CMS upgrade at CERN. It includes R&D on scintillator degradation, light yield degradation, and radiation levels. Various factors affecting radiation dose, light output, and degradation in scintillators and fibers are discussed. The upgrade plan for HE endcap megatiles is detailed, including existing and new tile designs, fiber read-out, and wavelength shifter. Safety procedures and simulations for HE dose rates and induced radioactivity are also covered. Experimental investigations and simulations play a crucial role in optimizing the upgrade tasks.
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HE at HL LHC Yu. Ershov, I.Golutvin, P.Moisenz (JINR,Dubna, Russia) CMS week, December 11th,2012 CERN, Geneva Outline: Introduction Improvement of HE radiation hardness Dose rate due to induced radioactivity HE Upgrade R&D Conclusion
Radiation dose and light yield degradation Radiation level contours for CMS from FLUKA calculations after 500fb-1 (units of Gray), HCAL TDR HCAL TDR (V. Hagopian, …) Mrad 1 .1 .01 Radiation dose at some selected radii in the CMS HE for 100 /fb M. Huhtinen Max radiation dose vs int lumi at some selected radii Scintillator degradation as a function of ionization radiation dose (CMS-IN 2011/022, P.de Barbaro, …)
S.V. Afanasiev, S.E. Vasiliev, A.M. Makankin, A.I. Malakhov, V.A. Smirnov, I.F. Emeliantchik, A.V. Litomin, N.M. Shumeiko, L.G. Levchuk ( CMS Note 2012/002)
Dependence from absorbed dose Light output from irradiated sample Degradation factor of scintillating ability Attenuation factor in scintillator and its λsc(D)attenuation length Attenuation factorin WLS fiber with length L and its λwls(D)attenuation length Conversion efficiency of WLS fiber Light output from non irradiated sample with width W 8 light inputs from WLS fibers Light output from clear fiber go to megatile optical connector Attenuation caused by optical “OR”. k transmittance loss in one “OR”. N number ofstages of optical “OR”. N = 3 stages
Ratio of light outputs of the stripped and original tiles G(D) vs absorbed dose D
HCAL Endcap Megatiles Upgrade 17 Outer Megatile part – low radiation doze 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Inner Megatile part – high radiation doze 26 27 28/29 We have to modify 1224 tiles (34 types x 18 times x 2 endcaps)
HCAL Endcap Megatiles Upgrade Existing tile design New tiles design Existing fiber read-out Optic welding Wave length shifter fan-out Tile (ScintillaterSCSN-81) 4 Min tiles option
HCAL Endcap Megatiles Upgrade Existing: - Megatile design; - Light routing system; - Light read-out. HCAL EndcapMegatiles Upgrade + New tiles granulation =
HE dose rate due to induced radioactivity for LS1, LS2, LS3 (μSv/h) CERN safety CERN safety Chistina Urscheler/Heinz Vincke Both HE dose rate simulation (CMS open option) and single megatile dose rate simulation (take out option) are in progress CERN safety
HE induced radioactivity (neutrons fluence is 31014/cm2/10min, E<.1MeV) HE megatile fragmet for neuton irradiation Nuclear reactor ИВВ-2М (Rosatom, Moscow) A.N. Orlov L.P. Sinelnikov, V.P. Smetanikov, Cooling vs time (1 cm2, 10cm from megatile)
HE megatile (inner part) dose rate for LS1, LS2, LS3 (very preliminary) 500 fb-1 200 fb-1 6 fb-1 26 fb-1 LS2 LS3 LS1 Cu-64+Al CERN safety Zn-65 3 days 75 days 25 days
HE upgrade R&D • Experimental investigation of HE scintillator, WLS and clear fiber darkening vs neutron fluence (IBR-2 reactor, Dubna, data analysis is in progress) • Experimental investigation of HE megataile induced radioactivity vs neutron fluence (IBR-2 reactor, Dubna, data analysis is in progress) • Detail simulation of HE radiation dose map (CERN, Moritz Guthoff) • Final optimization of HE longitudinal/transverse structure optimization with simulation (Dubna) • Making of HE megatile prototype with stripped tiles and final experimental investigation (Dubna) IBR-2 reactor, JINR, Dubna
Conclusions • HE upgrade task is in good shape • We propose simple method for the improvement of HE scintillator radiation hardness and clear plan for the complete experimental investigation