Unit 6

1. Unit 6 Racism, discrimination& policy response Laura Laubeova laubeova@fsv.cuni.cz http://minorities.fsv.cuni.cz/

2. Unit Structure • HWs: Furnivall, Nacirema, Vocabulary of Discrimination • Racism, discrimination • Inclusion, rights, equity • Presentation on Benhabib by Marek, on Parekh by Marie

3. QUIZ Just one question to torture your memory…

4. Referring to the reader what is the difference between multicultural and plural societies? Furnivall in all three texts

5. Racism & isms ……… sexism, disableism, ageism, homophobia Neil Thompson Racism can be defined as • an attitude (ideology) or action (behaviour) that disadvantages individuals or groups • on the basis of their “racial” inferiority*, mainly by means of • limiting their access to scarce resources. *Racial difference or racial inferiority is often perceived or constructed in terms of different culture, ethnicity, religion, language, etc.

6. Discrimination/isms:Personal – Cultural - StructuralNeil Thompson

7. Explanations of racism: 1. Psychological”Some people are like that” 2. Lack of knowledge, ignorance „To know is to love“ 3.Intergroup relations ”Birds of a feather” 4.Individuals are racists because the structures, practices, and values of our society are racist. ”Its the system”

8. Racisms – cont. • from violent attacks or scapegoating • topaternalistic crypto-racistassistance to m. • tendency to deny racism (unacceptable) two main meanings: 1) ideology (beliefs) about racial superiority 2) “the whole complex of factors which produce racial discrimination” and sometimes also “those which produce racial disadvantage” Cashmore

9. Racism as ideology 1. the so called “scientific racism of the 19th century”, manifested for example in the publication by Herrnstein, Murray, 1995 2. “popular” racism or “common sense” racism that is based on ethnocentrism, a tendency to believe that one´s own cultural paradigm is universal, neutral and superior to any other culture

10. In other words… Racism 1. denies all difference in the name of universality of the human nature, but unconsciously it takes back this universality to the dominant model; 2. uses the obvious differences to turn them into instruments of domination, exploitation, condemnation, exclusion, or extermination.

11. Racisms- cont. • „Racism, in short, involves • stereotypes about difference and inferiority • use of power to exclude, discriminate, subjugate“ • The Parekh Report, 2000 • Attitudes • Behaviour • Structures Inequality Prejudice Discrimination

12. Racisms – cont. Prejudice Discrimination Exclusion

13. assimilation is possible yes no assimilation is required yes compulsory assimilation racist double-bind no pluralism segregation Assimilation and Racism(Bauböck)

14. assimilationist policies inclusiveness

15. Assimilationist model DIFFERENCEDEFICIT ASSIMILATION COMPENSATORY PROGRAMMES Does the individual fit into the System or ‘Institution’? ASSIMILATION

16. Curriculum (Multiculturalism) model Cultural Effects CULTURES LIFESTYLES ATTITUDES PLURALIST TOLERANCE AND HARMONY  Does the organisation of this ‘institution’ recognise Diversity ? PLURALIST

17. Equity/Rights Model Social and Political Effects EQUITY PARTICIPATION ANTIDISCRIMINATORY LIFE CHANCES Are people enabled in this‘institution’? Do the structures allow for achievement, growth and opportunities? ANTIDISCRIMINATORY