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Biochemistry: Major Organic Molecules

Biochemistry: Major Organic Molecules. Proteins: Building Blocks of Life. Proteins: What are they?. FUNCTIONS Structural Support - connective tissue Keratin – hair, finger nails Transport Hemoglobin. Proteins: What are they?. Some Hormones

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Biochemistry: Major Organic Molecules

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  1. Biochemistry:Major Organic Molecules Proteins: Building Blocks of Life

  2. Proteins: What are they? FUNCTIONS • Structural • Support - connective tissue • Keratin – hair, finger nails • Transport • Hemoglobin

  3. Proteins: What are they? • Some Hormones • Coordinate body activity (insulin, growth horm.) • Muscles (actin, myosin)

  4. See page 919-920 (Honors; Holt) See page 1009 (CP; McDougal)

  5. Proteins: What are they? • Enzymes • Accelerate the speed of a chemical reaction

  6. Enzyme example:

  7. More about Enzymes • End in “-ase” • Are catalysts: substance that initiates or accel. a chem. Rx w/o itself being affected • Each unique: Used for Only 1 type Rx • Are reusable; aren’t consumed in Rx • What can mess up enzymes? • HEAT Think of a frying egg… • pH Very high/low pH’s mess up active sites on enzyme

  8. What are they made of? • Proteins are polymers • Poly = many • Polymers = LARGE molecules made of smaller, repeating units, called Monomers • These monomers are made up of C, H, O, N, and some S (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur) • Monomers are called Amino Acids…

  9. Amino Acids • Draw... • amino group • carboxyl group • αC (alpha carbon) • R group • 20 types of a.a. • 12 made in our body, 8 must be consumed

  10. Types of a.a.

  11. Amino Acids • A.a. bind together through dehydration synthesis, forming a peptide bond

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