1 / 25

AnnotatEd: A Social Navigation and Annotation Service for Web-based Educational Resources

AnnotatEd is a comprehensive web-based tool that offers content annotation, guided tours, and adaptive navigation support for educational resources. It integrates various functionalities to enhance the learning experience.

baltimore
Download Presentation

AnnotatEd: A Social Navigation and Annotation Service for Web-based Educational Resources

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. AnnotatEd: A Social Navigation and Annotation Service for Web-based Educational Resources Rosta Farzan & Peter Brusilovsky Personalized Adaptive Web Systems (PAWS) Lab University of Pittsburgh

  2. Introduction • Web is lacking important features • Supported in standalone hypertext systems • Important for demanding application such as web-based education • Advanced hypertext features • Content annotation • Allows user to annotate non-restricted web content • Guided Tour • Allows user to navigate a complex hyperspace along a predefined path • Adaptive Navigation Support • Helps user to select the most relevant link to navigate Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  3. Problem • Integrating several functionalities in one system • Result > Sum of its parts • Our work • Integrating Annotation and Adaptive Navigation Support • Open-corpus web educational resources AnnotatEd Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  4. Outline • Background • Web Annotation • Adaptive Navigation Support • Social Navigation Support • AnnotatEd • Implementation phases • Evaluation • Conclusion & Future Work Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  5. Web Annotation • Group 1 • Developing advanced architecture and sophisticated but easy-to-use interface • Group 2 • Developing annotation systems for supporting collaboration over the web Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  6. Web Annotation – Group 1 • Support content-aware annotation on arbitrary web pages • Gibeo • Add .gibeo.net to any web page • Highlighting any part of the text • Associating quality with highlighted text (important, wrong, cool, ..) • Shared annotations • Marginalia • JavaScript web annotation system • Highlighting any part of the text • Associating comments with the highlighted text • Public and private annotations Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  7. Web Annotation – Group 2 • Annotea • Collaborative development of Semantic Web via shared annotation • Annotations are in the form of comments, notes, explanations, … • Web discussion in Microsoft Office • Collaborative annotation of any web page Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  8. Adaptive Navigation Support • Classic adaptive navigation support • Guiding learners to appropriate resources • Requires manual annotation of the content • Not Well suited for the large volume of open-corpus documents • Social Navigation Support • Social navigation theory • “Moving toward cluster of people” (Dourish & Chalmers, 1994) • Making use of past learners’ interactions to guide new users • Relies on collective knowledge of community Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  9. Social Navigation Support (SNS) • Traffic based SNS • “footprints” • Information about number of visits • Promotes links with higher number of visits • Modified CoWeb • Tracks how often a page is accessed or modified • Visualized the density of aggregated access over last 24 hours • Annotation based SNS • Employing users’ annotation • Promotes links to pages with users’ annotations • Educo • Allows learners to associate comments with a document • Keeps track of when comments are modified Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  10. AnnotatEd • Social navigation and annotation services for browsing web educational resources • Accompanies the learners from page to page • Redirecting all the links through AnnotatEd server • Allows annotation in the form of free format comments, highlights • Offers Social Navigation Support Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  11. SNS in AnnotatEd • Augmenting links inside the pages • Measuring the past activity of the group • Click stream • Time spent reading each page • Learners’ annotations • Visual icons • Group activity • Individual activity • Traffic based SNS • Background color: magnitude of group visiting activity • Human icon: magnitude of individual visiting activity • Darker color = higher number of visits • Annotation based SNS • Background color: magnitude of group annotation activity • Sticky note icon: presence of learners annotation • Sticky note color: magnitude of individual annotation activity • Implementation • Baseline, Phase II, Phase III Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  12. Baseline Implementation • Complete tracking feature • Simple annotation interface • Private notes • Traffic based SNS • Links to pages with user annotation were augmented for the author of the annotation • Preliminary evaluation • 60% of students appreciated the ability to annotate • Interested in sharing annotation and seeing annotations of others • Type of learners’ annotations • Praise  37 notes • Problem 36 notes • General 34 notes Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  13. Phase II Implementation • Enhanced interface • Highlighting feature • Public and private annotations • Typed annotations • Praise, Problem, General • Signed annotations • Motivating students • 90% of annotations were signed • Annotation based SNS • Type and density of learners’ annotation • Annotation temperature • Praise  warm • Problem  cold Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  14. AnnotatEd – Phase II Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  15. Phase III - Implementation • Interface problem in Phase II • 61% of general annotations were praise • Type box was too distant from save button • Problem type was used mostly to report problem to the teacher • Instead of negative point about the page • Bookmarking feature • Generating a report for annotated and bookmarked pages Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  16. Evaluation • Classroom study • School of Information Science at University of Pittsburgh • 5 semesters • This paper focused on the recent studies (2 semesters) • Introductory C programming (undergrad course), Information Retrieval (graduate course) • System was introduced in the class by the instructor Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  17. Hypotheses • Providing navigation support for “browsing” web educational resources is important • Browsing-based access is popular among students even with presence of other access options such as map based navigation, or search • Annotating links with SNS cues would affect students navigation decision • Pages with annotation-based SNS are important pages • Students would appreciate the annotation functionality of the system • Students would appreciate Annotation based SNS Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  18. Browsing vs. Map vs. Search • AnnotatEd is connected to KnowledgeSea, a navigation map with search feature • Same educational material can be accessed through • Browsing, Navigation map, Search Browsing is at least as important as map-based navigation and more important than search Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  19. Importance of Browsing • Access through browsing • Provides more context • Makes students more certain about the content of the page • Comparing exact pages accessed through browsing and map-based navigation • 62 pages • Desirability ~ time spent reading (TSR) the page Students spent significantly more time on pages accessed through browsing Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  20. Effect of SNS on Link-Following • Comparing number of accesses to links with and without traffic or annotation based SNS Significantly more access on pages with SNS specially annotation-based SNS Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  21. Importance of Pages with Students’ Annotation • Comparing average accesses to pages with and without students’ annotations before appearance of annotations Annotated Pages are Important Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  22. Subjective Data Analysis • Students appreciate the annotation feature of AnnotatEd • Students appreciate annotation based SNS Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  23. Conclusion • AnnotatEd provides social navigation support and annotation service • Our evaluation shows that • Browsing is an important information access method and provide context-rich information access method • Pages with students’ annotation are important • Traffic and annotation based SNS affect students navigation pattern and are appreciated by students Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  24. Future Work • Evaluation with larger number of users • Improving annotation interface • Pen-based annotation • Will encourage higher number of annotations • Improving bookmarking feature • Employing bookmarks for providing social navigation support Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

  25. Thank You Rosta Farzan (rosta@cs.pitt.edu) & Peter Brusilovsky (peterb@pitt.edu) PAWS Lab – University of Pittsburgh

More Related