+ BROADBAND

1. AS A FERTILE DISCUSSION in order to take therightdecisions + BROADBAND • CRISIS -By YannisScopoulis (scopouli@noc.uoi.gr)

2. The Fading Dreams … • We are young enough to still have dreams • The dream of European federalism • The dream of equality • The dream of LOCAL development • The dream of co-operation • The dream of solidarity • The dream of creativity • The dream of sovereignty • The dream of respect • The dream of 100 Mbps @ home  • … • But are we old enough to watch them fading and do nothing?

3. Good guys keep our dreams alive

4. Let’s read the good guys: • Πρόσκληση 34 Ανάπτυξη Ευρυζωνικών Υποδομών σε λευκές αγροτικές περιοχές της Ελληνικής Επικράτειας • … The State “trusts” local “kallikratian” government Going Small?, going Local? or Going Big, going Central… A BIG prosperous country with BIG players ! Let the small die!

5. Continue reading … • Πρόσκληση 34 Ανάπτυξη Ευρυζωνικών Υποδομών σε λευκές αγροτικές περιοχές της Ελληνικής Επικράτειας • … Talking about going local … So far, the only thing that is “GOING LOCAL” is just an OBLIGATION

6. Continue reading … • Πρόσκληση 34 Ανάπτυξη Ευρυζωνικών Υποδομών σε λευκές αγροτικές περιοχές της Ελληνικής Επικράτειας • … So far … OK Has any such regulation been established? Or “Whole-sale” is the magic word to avoid “State Aid” complications given the complete lack of regulation of the respective “market”?

7. Continue reading … • Πρόσκληση 34 Ανάπτυξη Ευρυζωνικών Υποδομών σε λευκές αγροτικές περιοχές της Ελληνικής Επικράτειας • … The Death of Network Neutrality (explained in a minute) The “Holy Trinity” model (explained in two minutes)

8. Open Parenthesis

9. (Net Neutrality) • Το προτεινόμενο «μοντέλο» ειναι αρκούντως πολύπλοκο για να αποτυπωθεί με λόγια. • Αξιέπαινη βέβαια η προσπάθεια των τεσσάρων σελίδων στην πρόσκληση 34 αλλά το εύλογο συμπέρασμα για έναν “NetHead” σε αντιπαραβολή με έναν “TelHead” είναι οτι παραβιάζει την βασική αρχή της ουδετερότητας των στρωμάτων των δικτύων • Ας προσπαθήσουμε να κάνουμε ένα διάγραμμα, για να βοηθηθούμε

10. (Net Neutrality model) ΔΗΜΟΣ ΣΧΟΛΙΚΟ ΔΙΚΤΥΟ (ΠΣΔ) ISP Υπηρεσία 1 Υπηρεσία 2 Σχολείο 1 Σχολείο 2 User 1 User 2 Δρομολόγηση (Routers Δήμου) Δρομολόγηση (Routers ΠΣΔ) Δρομολόγηση (Routers ISPn) ΟΥΔΕΤΕΡΟΣ ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΤΗΣ PPCP Ουδέτερη Μεταγωγή (Switches, VMAN) Οπτικές Υποδομές (Χάνδακες, σωλήνες, ίνες) ΟΥΔΕΤΕΡΟΙ ΣΥΝΤΗΡΗΤΕΣ ΥΠΟΔΟΜΗΣ (ΣΥΝΤΗΡΗΣΗ -ΕΠΕΚΤΑΣΗ -ΜΙΚΤΟΝΟΜΗΣΗ) PPCP = Public/Public or Public/Private Partnership for Common Purpose e.g. Local Gov. + University + Regional Neutral Company + Strict Rules

11. (And its official death) Υπηρεσία 1 User 1 Υπηρεσία 2 User 2 Αναδοχος Σχολείο 1 Σχολείο 2 Τηλ.Φορέας ISP “… ΕΚΤΕΙΝETAI ΣΩΡΕΥΤΙΚΑ ΣΤΑ ΤΡΙΑ ΕΠΙΠΕΔΑ ΤΗΣ ΤΗΛΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑΚΗΣ ΠΥΡΑΜΙΔΑΣ …” (chic!)

12. (The “Policy Makers”) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) The State (Το κράτος)

13. (The “target”) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) The State (Το κράτος) White Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals * “White” is just an euphemism

14. (The “instruments”) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) (ISP) Πάροχος Internet ? Economic Operator (Ανάδοχος) The State (Το κράτος) Telecom Operator (Τηλεπ.Φορέας) Π.χ. ΟΤΕ White Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals * “White” is just an euphemism

15. (The SERVICE flow) You must consume!! You must consume!! European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) You must consume!! (ISP) Πάροχος Internet ? Economic Operator (Ανάδοχος) You must consume!! The State (Το κράτος) You must consume!! The service Telecom Operator (Τηλεπ.Φορέας) Π.χ. ΟΤΕ White Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals (Just Subscribers) (IPTV) We want to produce!

16. (The MONEY Flows) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) (ISP) Πάροχος Internet ? Economic Operator (Ανάδοχος) Clear Money Flow The State (Το κράτος) OBSCURE Money Flow Clear Money Flow Telecom Operator (Τηλεπ.Φορέας) Π.χ. ΟΤΕ White Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals (Just Subscribers) Clear Money Flow

17. (The GREY Relations) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) (ISP) Πάροχος Internet ? Economic Operator (Ανάδοχος) The State (Το κράτος) Telecom Operator (Τηλεπ.Φορέας) Π.χ. ΟΤΕ White* Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals (Just Subscribers) = “Any” relation you can imagine (e.g. mother-son) = “Any” relation you can’t easily imagine

18. (The “GOOD” case) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) 3 (ISP) Πάροχος Internet 1 Economic Operator (Ανάδοχος) Whole SALE!!! The State (Το κράτος) a PECULIAR business model for (1) ? Retail BUY!!! or an IndirectSTATE AID for (2,3)? 2 Telecom Operator (Τηλεπ.Φορέας) White* Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals (Just Subscribers) AN IDEAL Situation with no relations among entities 1,2,3

19. (the BAD case) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) 3 (ISP) Πάροχος 1 Economic Operator (Ανάδοχος) Whole SALE!!! The State (Το κράτος) An AWESOME business model for (2+3) Retail BUY!!! 2 Telecom Operator (Τηλεπ.Φορέας) a NOT SO IDEAL Situation with SOME “relations” among 2 entities White* Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals (Just Subscribers)

20. (the UGLY case) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) 3 (ISP) Πάροχος 1 Economic Operator (Ανάδοχος) Whole SALE!!! The State (Το κράτος) An AWESOME business model for (1+2+3) Retail BUY!!! 2 Telecom Operator (Τηλεπ.Φορέας) the USUAL Situation with SOME “relations” among 3 entities White* Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals (Just Subscribers)

21. (and the SAD case) European Union (Ευρ. Ένωση) The State (Το κράτος) GREY Money Flow White* Area (Μαύρη Περιοχή) The Locals (Just Subscribers)

22. While gray money flows away … • Greek operator Hellenic Telecommunications Organization SA is taking precautionary measures just in case Greece leaves the euro zone, the company said Thursday. • "We've been looking to see what kind of actions we need to take now in order to safeguard ourselves for that situation," said Kevin Copp, chief financial officer for the operator, known at OTE for short, at the Morgan Stanley TMT Conference in Barcelona. • Copp said the primary initiative is to protect OTE's liquidity. Over the past year, the company has shifted its cash from Greek banks to international banks, first in Greece, and then international banks outside of Greece. • He added that the company is only retaining the cash it needs for operational purposes in Greek banks. The company is also trying to sell its 20% stake in Serbian operator Telekom Srbijaand other assets to raise more cash. • "Everything we can do to protect our cash deposits we have done," he said. Wall Street Journal: http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20111117-711659.html

23. …misconceptions remain intact. • People of the past understood that OTE created as a natural monopoly to bring basic means of prosperity and modernization to Greek society • Therefore, 90+% of them still believe that OTE is a public operator (with the Greek meaning of the word) • People of the present still expect that OTE is going to bring “fiber” to their villages … very soon • Municipalities of the future accept the fact that OTE does not pay rights of way to anybody

24. But … • "When the facts change, • I change my mind. • What do you do, sir?" • John Maynard Keynes

25. Closed Parenthesis

26. “Big” is tempting… … but small is beautiful”

27. By aiming high … we miss the target Big Central Big Hotels Tourism Airlines Big Shipping Telcos Providers Big Constructors… Big Media Big Retail Adapted Innovation Distributed Now-How . Small Net Infrastructure Providers . Small Digital Applications Creators/Providers . Small Smart Agriculture / Tourism Hair Dressers Lawyers Small Retail Small Local Low Internal Multiplier and/or Tradability High Internal Multiplier and/or Tradability Inspired by Doxiadis’ presentation in TEDx

28. Giving life, and order to MAN and SYZEFXIS and establishing exportable “best practices” “Small” is alive …

29. “Small” is alive … Exploiting existing infrastructures

30. “Small” is alive … Connecting Schools to existing Infrastructures

31. “Small” is alive … Covering White Areas and connecting them to the MAN

32. “Small” is alive … Extending Hot Zones and facilitating mobility

33. But “small”, in order to become a real growth factor, needs specific policies . Big Central Small Local Low Internal Multiplier High Internal Multiplier

34. To be continued … … with suggestions