Supporting Recovery Towards a Resilient Nepal

1. Supporting Recovery Towards a Resilient Nepal CBDM Asia II High level Forum Xi’an, Shaaanxi, China 24-27 Oct 2016 Vijaya Singh Assistant Country Director UNDP, Nepal

2. Almost 9,000deaths More than 22,000people injured One-third of the population impacted Out of 75 districts, 33 affected of which 14 Severelyaffected • Nepal earthquake 2.3 millionhouseholds lost livelihoods ¼ of femaleheaded households destroyed or damaged) Risk of 700,000people falling under the poverty line US$ 250 millionin wages were lost for 5.6 million workers More than 800,000houses destroyed or damaged Over 600 district and village buildings totally destroyed 2,673 government buildings totally damaged Increased risks of earthquake triggered landslidesinmonsoon

3. UNDP’s support in Post Disaster Need Assessment and developing Post Disaster Recovery Framework • PDNA: Comprehensive, integrated quick assessment of damage, loss , impacts along with need assessment for recovery and reconstruction based on the principles of Build Back Better PDRF: A sequenced, prioritized programmatic action plan to guide reconstruction leading to sustainable recovery and resilient development

4. GORKHA Earthquake, 2015 0.5 bi$ GDP 1.6% 3% Production loss in < 3 months DAMAGE $ 5 bi 33% LOSS $ 2 bi GDP PDNA, Govt. of Nepal

5. UNDP’s response immediately after theEQ 04 EARLY RECOVERY CLUSTER COORDINATION Support MOFALD in leading effective ER cluster coordination

6. Safe demolition and debris removal UNDP engaged 15,000 people through emergency employment enabling families to get back on their feet and support rebuilding of their communities.

7. Resuming Essential Government Services In support of the Government to resume its essential services, UNDP provided temporary offices in most affected areas. DDC Office in Charikot, Dolakha, supported by UNDP

8. Recovering Microenterprise UNDP assisted 12,050 existing micro- entrepreneurs (70% women) to restart their damaged livelihoods. Supported 2,300 new businesses in affected areas.

9. Safer construction training to Masons In support of rebuilding 500,000 destroyed houses, UNDP is training masons to ensure that homes are rebuilt stronger and better than before and that they’re able to withstand future shocks.

10. Results of Early Recovery Action • Within days of the disaster, UNDP mobilized number of experts on the • ground (SURGE deployment) and set up Early recovery Cluster • Coordinated the PDNA on behalf of the UN System and led 4 sectors • (DRR, Human development impact, environment and governance) • The first emergency employment initiatives were up and running within 2 weeks of the earthquake • Debris clearance and demolition on the ground with over 100 experts and civil engineers. Over 4,300 people hired under the CfW programme; 4000 buildings assessed and over 3,800 buildings safely demolished • Installed 13 temporary government offices and court building to ensure basic services to communities are restored; All new government buildings fully powered by solar energy.

11. Results of Early Recovery Action • 12,050 EQ affected enterprises were re-established; 2,300 new • businesses created • 75,000 people benefited from restored community infrastructure most notably access to clean water. • 140 damaged micro-hydro or renewable energy systems rehabilitated • Prior work were very useful: guidelines for masonry training for safe construction, guidelines for retrofitting buildings and video toolkits for safer construction. • Structural vulnerability assessments: more than 3, 000 volunteer engineers were deployed to assess the status of buildings in KTM valley and outside

12. The Government of Nepal’s recovery vision is: Establishment of well-planned, resilient settlements and a prosperous society. • Guided by the National Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Policy, the PDRF has defined • the following fivestrategic objectives for recovery and reconstruction: • Restore and improve disaster resilient housing (govt. buildings and cultural heritage) • Strengthen capacity of people and communities to reduce risk and vulnerability and to enhance social cohesion. • Restore and improve access to services and improve environmental resilience. • Develop and restore economic opportunities and livelihoods and re-establish productive sectors. • Strengthen capacity and effectiveness of the state to respond to the people’s needs and to effectively recover from future disasters.

13. UNDP aims at rapid return to sustainable development pathways, has set four outcomes • Outcome 1: Effective national leadership for resilient recovery through support to the national recovery policy, planning, coordination and implementation. • Outcome 2: Resilient and inclusive economic recovery fostered for affected communities. • Outcome 3: Governance and public service delivery restored for effective and inclusive recovery. • Outcome 4: Strengthened capacities for risk-informed development and resilient recovery.

14. 4 Pillars of UNDP Nepal Recovery Strategy Recovery Planning, Coordination & NRA Institutional Strengthening Governance and public services restoration Livelihoods and economic recovery Disaster risk management and resilience 4 pillars are mutually reinforcing and implemented as one coherent recovery programme

15. Pillar 1: Recovery Planning, Coordination and NRAInstitutional Strengthening • Outcome: Effective national leadership for resilient recovery through support to recovery • policy, coordination, PDRF and its implementation • NRA Institutional Strengthening & capacity • enhancement to lead R&R • Technical support for policy development, planning and monitoring • Effective recovery coordination, accountability and transparency

16. Pillar 2: Livelihoods and Economic Recovery • Outcome: Livelihoods restored for resilient economic recovery of affected communities • Employment, skills development and • enterprise recovery • ii. Reconstruction and rehabilitation of community and productive infrastructures

17. Pillar 3: Governance & Public Service Restoration • Outcome: Governance and public service delivery restored for effective and inclusive recovery • Local Government Functions and Service • Delivery Restoration • Safe demolition, site preparation and reconstruction quality assurance

18. Pillar 4: Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience • Outcome: Strengthened capacities for risk-informed recovery and development • Integrated disaster and climate risk governance • Risk-informed settlement, land use • planning and safe house reconstruction • Strengthening disaster risk management • capacities

19. Key principles of UNDP’s support for inclusiveandresilientrecovery Promoting women’s participation and inclusion of the most vulnerable Joint programming approach, partnerships, South-South Cooperation Integrating innovative methods in recovery Risk-informed recovery and build back better Strengthening national ownership of recovery programme

20. UNDP’s Learning from Early Recovery Work • Early recovery starts with Day One and is very context specific;so situation analysis is important for recovery planning • ER Cluster is a good approach but needs specific guidelines and strong leadership • PDNA and PDRFprovides good analytical and programmatic framework for Recovery Work • Integration of recovery and DRR in district and municipality development plan • Building onon-going work but with caution: Examples: safer constriction training; manuals and guidelines; ER network and framework worked well; models of debris management requires careful planning;

21. UNDP’s Learning from Early Recovery Work • Creating Space for Innovation and Partnership is important for effective recovery: • Partnership with Microsoft for reconstruction information system management, • Partnership with Nepal engineering Association for structural vulnerability assessment; • Partnership with University for use of debris as alternate construction material and resettlement plan and mapping of earthquake induced hazards and safer construction models

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