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Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Explore the reactivity and synthesis of acid chlorides, anhydrides, esters, amides, and nitriles through nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions. Discover I.U.P.A.C. nomenclature and hydrolysis processes, including examples like Penicillin and Aspartame. Learn about synthesis methods, including Fischer esterification and Diazomethane preparation. Uncover the significance of various derivatives in drug synthesis, flavors, and fragrances.

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Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

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  1. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Acid Chlorides Acid Anhydrides Esters Amides Nitriles Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

  2. Reactivity of Acid Derivatives

  3. Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

  4. I.U.P.A.C. Nomenclature(uses carboxylic acid template)

  5. Acid Chlorides

  6. Acid Anhydrides

  7. Esters

  8. Amides

  9. Lactones(cyclic esters)

  10. Gamma Hydroxybutyrate

  11. All Acid Derivatives can be Hydrolyzed

  12. What are the 3 Hydrolysis Products?

  13. Draw the Hydrolysis Products

  14. Hydrolysis of Penicillin

  15. Aspartame

  16. Hydrolysis of an Acid Chloride

  17. Acid Chloride Preparation

  18. Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

  19. With Acid Chlorides, No Catalyst is NeededAnhydride Prep.

  20. Ester Preparationfrom an acid chloride

  21. Amide Preparationfrom an Acid Chloride

  22. Amide from Anhydride

  23. Fischer Esterification

  24. Fischer Esterification Shows Oxygen “Scrambling”a methanolysis

  25. Diazomethane Preparation of Methyl Esters

  26. Diazomethane has a Basic Carbon

  27. Mechanism

  28. Flavors and Fragrances

  29. Intramolecular Fischer Esterification - GHB

  30. Lactam (cyclic amide) Formation

  31. b-Lactams as Antibiotics

  32. Acid Catalyzed “Olysis” Reactions

  33. Transesterificationa Methanolysis

  34. Aspirin Synthesis

  35. Basic Hydrolysis Saponification

  36. Basic Hydrolysis of an Amide

  37. Mechanism

  38. Reduction of Esters with LiAlH4

  39. DIBAHDiisobutyl Aluminum Hydride

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