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Automotive Drivetrains

Automotive Drivetrains. Automotive Drivetrains. Purpose:. Connect/disconnect engines power to the drive wheel(s) allow for different speed ratios provide for reverse power control for safe turning torque multiplication. Automotive Drivetrains. Components:. Transmission Axle assembly

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Automotive Drivetrains

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  1. Automotive Drivetrains

  2. Automotive Drivetrains Purpose: • Connect/disconnect engines power to the drive wheel(s) • allow for different speed ratios • provide for reverse • power control for safe turning • torque multiplication

  3. Automotive Drivetrains Components: • Transmission • Axle assembly • Transaxle (fwd) • Drive Shaft(s) • related components

  4. Automotive Drivetrains Engine torque: • The turning effort of the crankshaft • measured in foot-pounds • maximum torque is produced within a narrow RPM range (torque curve)

  5. Engine Torque

  6. Automotive Drivetrains Horsepower = work performed at the rate at which it is being done = torque X RPM / 5252

  7. Engine Horsepower

  8. Automotive Drivetrains Gears • Used to apply torque to other rotating parts of the drivetrain • used to multiply torque in automobiles

  9. Automotive Drivetrains Gear Types • Spur gear (most basic) • Helical gear (helix = form a curve) • Herringbone gear = 1 gear w/2 helical gears w/teeth angles reversed • Bevel gear - cone w/top cutoff • hypoid gear - similar to above • planetary gear(set)

  10. Automotive Drivetrains Spur gear

  11. Automotive Drivetrains Helical Gear

  12. Automotive Drivetrains Straight Bevel Gearset Gears must be perpendicular to each other

  13. Automotive Drivetrains Spiral Bevel vs. Hypoid

  14. Automotive Drivetrains Planetary Gear

  15. Automotive Drivetrains Gear Measurements • Backlash - the clearance between two meshed gears • measured with a dial indicator • end play - axial or end-to-end movement of a gear • also measured with a dial indicator

  16. Torque Multiplication Torque is calculated by multiplying force X distance OR the center of the shaft times (X) the point where the force is exerted

  17. Automotive Drivetrains Gears Continued:

  18. Automotive Drivetrains Gears continued:

  19. Automotive Drivetrains As torque is multiplied power remains unchanged

  20. Automotive Drivetrains Gear Ratios: • The mathematical relationship of one gear to another • expresses the amount of torque multiplication between two gears • ratio = # of teeth of DRIVEN gear / # of teeth of drive gear - OR - • ratio = outside diameter of DRIVEN gear/ O.D. of drive gear

  21. Automotive Drivetrains Gear Reduction = a reduction in the driven gears speed = an increase in the driven gears torque

  22. Automotive Drivetrains

  23. Automotive Drivetrains If the DRIVING gear in the previous example is producing 250 ft.-lb. of torque how much torque is the DRIVEN gear producing? 4 X 250 = 1000 ft.-lb. torque

  24. Automotive Drivetrains Bearings • Used to attach a shaft to a common component AND allow for movement or rotation • friction reduction

  25. Automotive Drivetrains Bearing Types • Bushing (simplest type) also called a plain type bearing • ball bearing - balls used for friction reduction • roller bearing • tapered roller

  26. Bushing (simplest type) also called a plain type bearing

  27. Ball Bearing

  28. Roller Bearing

  29. Needle Roller Bearing

  30. Tapered Roller Bearing

  31. Automotive Drivetrains Bearing Usage • radial or journal bearing • thrust bearing

  32. Automotive Drivetrains Bearing Measurements • Bearing preload - the amount of torque- load on a bearing • measured with a torque wrench

  33. CLUTCH Automotive Drivetrains The engine produces torque Torque is transferred to the drive wheels through a series of gears and shafts How do we disconnect engine power from the drive wheels?

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