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JCOMMOPS & Argo, DBCP, SOT, OceanSITES

JCOMMOPS & Argo, DBCP, SOT, OceanSITES. 2 nd GODAE Observing System Evaluation Workshop Toulouse, June 2009 Mathieu Belbeoch & Hester Viola. Aims of JCOMMOPS.

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JCOMMOPS & Argo, DBCP, SOT, OceanSITES

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  1. JCOMMOPS & Argo, DBCP, SOT, OceanSITES 2nd GODAE Observing System Evaluation Workshop Toulouse, June 2009 Mathieu Belbeoch & Hester Viola

  2. Aims of JCOMMOPS The JCOMM In-situ Observing Platform Support Centre is a component of the international coordination mechanism, which aims on behalf of JCOMM to: • assist as appropriate in the implementation of the GOOS • develop synergies between observing systems  • assist in the planning, implementation and operations of the observing systems • monitor and evaluate the performance of the networks • encourage cooperation between communities and member states • encourage data sharing • assist in data distribution on the Internet and GTS • relay user feedback on data quality to platform operators • encourage harmonization of data and instrumentation related practices • provide technical assistance and user supportworldwide • act as a clearing house and focal point on all program aspects Assistance, Monitoring, Cooperation ...

  3. Technical Coordination • JCOMMOPS comprises two Technical Coordinators, a ½ time IT person, plus occasionally students on work experience. • Office & Information System hosted by CLS, Toulouse • Funded through national voluntary contributions (via IOC/WMO) • JCOMMOPS is involved with the implementation of different types of in situ observing systems including: • Drifting and moored buoys in the high seas and tropical moorings (DBCP) • XBTs, TSGs, atmospheric soundings from ships, meteorological observations from ships (SOT) • Profiling floats (Argo) • Deep ocean time-series reference stations (OceanSITES) • Other programs aresupported to a basic level … no resources to sustain this support (Ice tethered profilers, marine mammals, GLOSS)

  4. Developments and reporting tools • Interactive maps • Web Map Viewer (GIS) • Google Earth • Google Maps • PDF Layers RT status of the arrays, data distribution status,monitoring products, official platform database (metadata QCed by TCs), routine exports (text, XML), etc.You need information on a platform, a statistic, a map, etc ... just ask JCOMMOPS.

  5. JCOMMOPS, Argo, DBCP ... & GODAE OSE • Feedback from data users on requirements (networks design, data issues, ...) • Argo Science Workshops • OceanObs’ 09 • Presence at key meetings (next ADMT in Toulouse ...) • Products ? • Routine feedback from operational centres on data quality: tools to be developed and maintained • DBCP/SOT operational system • Argo being developed (e. g. Altimetry QC by CLS/Coriolis) • JCOMMOPS acts as a centralized relay tool: data users – data producers • Ideas ? • JCOMMOPS can help to design, finalize and promote products • Continuous demonstration of the value of the arrays • Specific impact studies

  6. JCOMMOPS Challenges • Clarify access to information and develop a web based toolbox that will be useful in future: “MyJCOMMOPS” • Strengthen the infrastructure • Fund a new position to work on ships related information • http://www.jcommops.org , support@jcommops.org • http://argo.jcommops.org • http://dbcp.jcommops.org • http://sot.jcommops.org • http://oceansites.jcommops.org

  7. Argo Infrastructure Argo is internationally managed by the Argo Steering Team.2 co-chairs, National Argo programmes representatives, TC • Argo Data Management team coordinates data issues • Argo Data Management is a distributed system • National Data Centres (DACs) feed GTS of WMO and Internet GDACs • REAL TIME ( GTS, GDACs) with standard/automatic QC • DELAYED-MODE files replace RT files (GDACs, after 6-12 months) • 2 Global Data Centres (USA, FR) - mirrored • Regional Centres being developed • Long term archival centre at US NODC • Argo Information Centre/JCOMMOPS/Argo Project Office

  8. Argo Status: what has been achieved ? Argo has achieved the “3000 floats milestone” with global distribution and a comprehensive data management system • Argo Core Mission (3200 floats between 60°N and 60°S, no marginal seas)is NOT YET ACHIEVED • 600 floats are required in the southern hemisphere

  9. Argo Status: network density Float density (100%=4 floats): good floats onlyChallenge in South Indian, and South Atlantic

  10. Argo Status: deployment plans Argo groups are making substantial efforts to plan their deployments and optimize the array coverage taking into account network density /age. Implementing an empty ocean ≠ maintaining a global array. All deployments are registered on line from a draft state to the final confirmation/notification.

  11. Argois the mostinternationally collaborative program in the history of oceanography A dozen countries are sustaining the global network, another dozen takes care of regional gaps, and many other are supporting Argo.

  12. Argo = logistical challenge 6344 units deployed ! Ship time is an issue: Sustained funding and cooperation critical

  13. Argo = 100 000+ profiles / year • #All Profiles 562230 • #DM Profiles 289774 • 90% optimal quality (but not for all applications) • 90 % reach the GTS/GDACs within 24h

  14. Argo: QC issues • Salinity Drift: bio-fooling and others reasons DMQC (dedicated working group) Comparison with CTD data, and nearby float data • Accuracy of temperature versus pressure • Applications of Argo data for climate change issues requires highest quality possible (heat content, steric sea level change). • Years required to detect small biases (comparison with CTD) • Free data => educate users • Recent problem on SBE CTD pressure: most of new deployments will be postponed …

  15. Argo: QC issues • DM QC time consuming activity (resources required): 67% achieved

  16. Argo is revolutionizing global oceanography ... 2000 -2008 August XBT profiles(> 300m, source: WOD) 1951-2000 August hydrographic T/S stations (> 1000m, source: WOD) 2004-2008 August Argo T,S profiles ... and its impact will be greatest in the southern hemisphere where there are large climate signals and there is little historical data.

  17. Argobenefits • Operational use: requirements for long term • 14 Operational Centres using Argo data • Research applications growing • Training WorkshopsCapacity building initiatives on data use • Argo has enormous potential valuein education applications. • Google Ocean & Argo partnership network status (gateway) products (T, S, anomalies) stories by oceanographers climate change focus • To be extended to other networks monitored by JCOMMOPS.

  18. Argo Float Technology: float reliability improving 45% of floats deployed in 2004 are still active at age 4+ years. Deployment failure rate: 2.5 % • Still room for improvement: all floats do not reach yet the 4 years lifetime • This target will likely be reached and exceeded • This will help to fill gaps … without deploying more floats

  19. Argo Float Technology: Telecom. slowly improving ~8% of deployments with Iridium (2007, 2008) – Argos 3 pilot projects started More are anticipated in 2009 (Australia)

  20. Argo Float Technology: Cycles rather homogeneous 80% of the fleet is set up to drift at 1000 dbar as decided by the AST 70 % to profile at a depth > 1500 dbar 80 % to cycle on a 9-11 days basis

  21. Argo Float Technology: new designs, new sensors • New generation floats are longer-lived, smaller, and more capable. • Extended domains are being explored or considered: under ice, marginal seas, boundary currents, abyssal ocean. • New sensors are being developed and tested (oxygen, bio-optical, surface layer, …) • At present ~150 Argo floats carry dissolved oxygen sensors. • First floats are providing SST (at no cost). This is likely to be extended to all floats. Left to right: SOLO/SOLO-II w/Iridium, ARVOR, PROVOR w/optical sensor, APEX w/SBE oxygen sensor.

  22. Argo Objectives Objectives for the Argo Program in the coming years related to array performance are: • Achieve mean float lifetimes of 4 years or longer, needed to sustain the core Argo array with 800 floats deployed per year. • Deploy more floats in the southern hemisphere to achieve the array’s design requirements. • Extend instrument capabilities for profiling to 2000 m everywhere in the oceans. • Sustain funding (Argo is 20% underfunded) • What should be Argo‘s sampling plan for high latitudes or marginal seas ? • Should Argo sample the deep ocean ? • Should Argo be denser in all WBC regions ? • ....

  23. Initial Global Ocean Observing System for Climate Status against the GCOS Implementation Plan and JCOMM targets Total in situ networks 61% February 2009 87% 100% 59% 81% 100% 62% 73% 48% 34% Milestones Drifters 2005 Argo 2007

  24. Progress Toward Global Coverage (representative milestones) Goal 2001 2002 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Real-time Stations Initial GCOS Subset 170 101 85 Tide Gauges 71 61 57 57 59 51 56 1300 1250 1250 1307 1235 779 787 807 671 Number of buoys 955 Surface Drifting Buoys 132 94 96 Number of moorings 75 82 Tropical Moored Buoys 67 67 69 69 73 High resolution and frequently repeated lines occupied 51 39 41 41 39 Ships of Opportunity 27 26 26 24 23 3055 3283 3000 Number of floats 544 20 31 Argo Floats 2240 2557 1572 923 Number of observatories, flux, and ocean transport stations 87 35 34 28 38 27 15 25 Reference Stations 19 37 Ice buoys, drifting and Moored stations 73 16 17 19 19 20 20 Arctic System 32 55 69 37 Repeat Sections Committed, One inventory per 10 years 1 20 23 Ocean Carbon Network 0 0 15 17 5 9 Initial Ocean Observing System Milestones Initial Targets 30 34 40 44 48 53 60 66 77 100 System % Complete Index 60 45 59 40 34 30 Total System 55 56 48 Goal 2001 2002 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

  25. JCOMMOPS Status Map

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