Input, Chapter 4

1. Input, Chapter 4 ITSC 1401, Intro to Computers Instructor: Glenda H. Easter

2. Objectives • Describe the four types of input. • List the characteristics of a keyboard. • Identify various types of keyboards. • Identify various types of pointing devices. • Explain how a mouse works. • Describe different mouse types.

3. Objectives (Continued) • Explain how scanners and other reading devices work. • Identify the purpose of a digital camera. • Describe the various techniques used for audio and video input. • Identify alternative input devices for physically and challenged users.

4. What Is Input? • Input is any data or instructions you enter into the memory of a computer. • There are four types of input: • Data • Program • Command • User Response

5. Four Types of Input • Input Types • Data: A collection of unorganized facts • Program: A series of instructions that tells a computer how to perform a task. • Command: An instruction given to a computer program. • User response: An instruction you issue to the computer by replying to a question posed by a computer program

6. Common Input Devices • Keyboard • Mouse • Trackball • Joystick • Pen Input • Light Pens • Digitizing Tablets QWERTY DVORAK

7. Inputting Data • You can enter data into the computer in two methods. • You can use keyboard , which is the traditional manner to input. • Or you can use direct input, using a pointing device such as a mouse, scanner, or pen devices.

8. Input: Keyboard • Input devices take data and programs people can read or understand and convert them to a form the computer can process. • Keyboard Entry: This looks like a typewriter keyboard but has additional keys. • With keyboard entry, users enter data through the keyboard from source documents.

9. Parts of a Keyboard • Alphanumeric Keys • Modifier Keys • Numeric Keypad • Function Keys • Cursor-movement Keys • Escape Key • Special-purpose Keys

10. The Keyboard

11. A Pointing Device: A Mouse Right click When it gets sluggish, turn it over and remove the cover plate. Left click Carefully clean the ball and rollers. The mouse is a fairly intuitive input device.

12. Pointing Devices • Mouse operations • Clicking • Dragging • Double-Clicking click click click

13. Other Input Devices • Touch-Sensitive Screens • Scanning Devices • MICR • Bar Code Readers • OMR • Voice Input Devices • Video Digitizers

14. Additional Input Devices • Soundcards • Microphones & Speech Recognition • Video Capture Cards • Cameras • Scanners Handheld scanner

15. Input: Direct Entry • With this method, data is made into machine-readable form as it is entered. • No keyboard is used. • Data can be entered through scan devices which reflect lights on characters of data.

16. Direct Entry(Continued) Scanning Devices (Continued): • Facsimile Transmission Machines (FAX):Transfers documents at electronic speeds. Encodes image as a series of instructions representing black-and-white image areas.

17. Direct Entry(Continued) Scanning Devices (Continued): • Bar-Code Readers:Commonly used in grocery stores to read the UPC (Universal Produce Codes). • Character and Mark Recognition Devices: Magnetic-Ink Character Recognition (MICR) Reads bottom of checks

18. More Scanning Devices Scanning Devices (Continued): • Character and Mark Recognition Devices (Continued):Optical-Mark Recognition(OMR) or mark sensing. These are the Scantrons that you purchase for use on tests.

19. More Scanning Devices Scanning Devices (Continued): • Character and Mark Recognition Devices (Continued): Optical-Character Recognition (OCR): Reads special preprinted characters through a light source and changes them into machine- readable code. This is the type of scanner that is used in department stores.

20. Optical Scanners • When a document is scanned, the results are stored in rows and columns of dots called a bitmap.

21. Additional Input Devices • Biological feedback devices • Chemical detectors Virtual reality programs use helmets to enable users to “move” through a simulated “world.”