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Sediment Concentration to Water Discharge Ratio Along the Mississippi (and Missouri) River

Sediment Concentration to Water Discharge Ratio Along the Mississippi (and Missouri) River. CE 397 Statistics of Water Resources Yao You. Key Points. Sediment concentration to water discharge ratio decreases downstream;

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Sediment Concentration to Water Discharge Ratio Along the Mississippi (and Missouri) River

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  1. Sediment Concentration to Water Discharge Ratio Along the Mississippi (and Missouri) River • CE 397 • Statistics of Water Resources • Yao You

  2. Key Points • Sediment concentration to water discharge ratio decreases downstream; • Sediment concentration does not reach the limit of river capacity most of the time.

  3. Sediment Concentration Against Discharge Anoka, MN correlation coefficient: 0.6804 Flow velocity increases

  4. The Ratio Compared to Discharge Anoka, MN Flow velocity increases

  5. The Ratio Compared to Discharge St. Louis, MO Flow velocity increases

  6. Data Source • Very few sites have both consistent (suspended) sediment concentration and water discharge data; • Qualified sites have uneven data points (3-20); • Data comes from different time periods.

  7. Treatment of Data • Few sites: nothing we can do right now... • Small number of data points: rank sum+t test • Time period issue: test for trend.

  8. Results downstream

  9. Majority Trend: Upstream ≥ Downstream ≥ ≥ downstream

  10. Exception: Upstream < Downstream < St. Louis, MO downstream

  11. Sudden Increase of Sediment Concentration Near St. Louis, MO Mississippi River Missouri River, major sediment supplier for MS St. Louis

  12. Missouri River

  13. Missouri River: Results • Upstream has much larger concentration to discharge ratio; St. Louis

  14. Missouri River: Results • Upstream has much larger concentration to discharge ratio; • The ratio increases near Sioux, IA and Omaha, NE. St. Louis

  15. Conclusions • Sediment concentration to discharge ratio decreases downstream; • Missouri River contributes a significant amount of sediment into the Mississippi River upstream of St. Louis, MO; • Rivers are not at their full transport capacity most of the time.

  16. Future Work • Understand the physics of the observed trends; • Study more rivers to verify those findings.

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