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Improving Quality of Life for Arthritis Patients

Remo Reuben , Shuxin (Max) Wei , Grace Cochrane, Kejun (Ben) Xu. F216501. Improving Quality of Life for Arthritis Patients. Topic Précis exploring the need for childproof medical bottles that can be easily opened by arthritis patients. Relevant Definitions. Community.

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Improving Quality of Life for Arthritis Patients

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  1. Remo Reuben, Shuxin (Max) Wei, Grace Cochrane, Kejun (Ben) Xu F216501 Improving Quality of Life for Arthritis Patients Topic Précis exploring the need for childproof medical bottles that can be easily opened by arthritis patients

  2. Relevant Definitions Community Quality of Life (Macro) • Place.A group of people sharing a common territorial or geographical area. • Interest. A group of people sharing common characteristics such as ethnicity, religion, occupation, etc. (Smith, 2002) • Macro scale: • Human Development Index (HDI): a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income • Subjective well-being (SWB) : ‘a person’s cognitive and affective evaluations of his or her life’ (Albuquerque, 2012) Veteran Services Definition “ability to carry out the usual and accustomed activities of independent living, recreational and community activities, and/or personal relationships” (Veteran Affairs, 2012)

  3. What is Arthritis? Used to describe a family of over 100 diseases or conditions that involve damage to the cartilage between joints and cause painful inflammation. (Pfizer) Symptoms • Pain, stiffness in the joint • Weakened muscles and ligaments surrounding the joint • Reduced mobility in the joint (Pfizer) http://www.theherbprof.com/ailArthritis.htm

  4. Demographics & Effect in Toronto Spread Effects • 13.5% of Torontonians (over 15) report to have Arthritis • 17.0% of females • 9.8% of males • 85% of cases in 45 years and over (Stats Can, 2010) • Pain and discomfort distracts patients and reduces workplace productivity • “Almost 30% of employed labour force having difficulty working due to OA” • Huge medical spendings ($6.4 billion in 2000/8 billion in 2012 dollars), among one of the highest costly group of diseases (Public Health, 2010)

  5. Problem Definition • Need: Hindrance to their “quality of life” • Narrow down and refine the community:

  6. Entities, Resources and Relationships Stakeholders Support & Research Orgs. • Patients with arthritis • Medicine package manufacturers (Costco, ClearRx) • Pharmacies • Patient families and caretakers • Hospitals and arthritis care centres • University of Toronto Psoriatic Arthritis Program • The Arthritis Society • Canadian Arthritis Patient Alliance • Arthritis Research Foundation • Arthritis Community Research & Evaluation Unit • Canadian Arthritis Network

  7. User to Engineering Problem * Average data for males in their mid to late 50s. (Fraser, 1999) Pinch GripHuman Resources and Skills Development Canada Power GripMichael Patkin

  8. User to Engineering Problem • Objective: • To develop a childproof medicine bottle cap that requires minimal effort to open by patients. • Constraints: • Cap mechanism must not require use of an additional external device to open medicine bottle. • Criteria: • Grip force required to open bottle [Metric: Force in N, less is better] • Mean time required for a patient to open the bottle [Metric: Time in s, less is better] • Mean time required for a child in the 1-4 years age group* to open the bottle [Metric: Time in s, more is better] (Dorothy, 1976)

  9. Codes and Reference Designs Codes Reference Designs • ISO 8317 – human testing (InstitutVerpackungsmarktforschung) • ISO 13127 – Mechanical Testing (Tranchard, 2012) • USP <661> and <671> -prescription medication standards (Blenheim Pharmacal Inc.) http://www.elderstore.com/tenura-bottle.aspx http://www.easycomforts.com/easycomforts/displayitem.aspx?id=335991 http://www.amazon.com/Multi-Grip-Twist-Cap-Opener/dp/B000GFOIWU http://watap.org/tryout/products.php?cat=1

  10. References A. Fraser, J. Vallow, A. Preston and R. G. Cooper. “Predicting ‘normal’ grip strength for rheumatoid arthritis patients,” Leeds, UK, 1999. Albuquerque, B. (n.d.). Subjective Well-Being. Positive Psychology UK. Retrieved January 29, 2013, from http://positivepsychology.org.uk/pp-theory/happiness/106-subjective-well-being.html Blenheim Pharmacal Inc. (n.d.). Pharmaceutical container testing. Retrieved from http://www.bpipack.com/quality/USPStandards-Packaging.html Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2009/2010; Stats Canada, Arthritis, by age group and sex Public Health Agency of Canada, www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/cd-mc/arthritis-arthrite/lwaic-vaaac-10/8-eng.php Dorothy I. R. Mason, Peter M. Brooks and Myron E. Mavrikaki. “Study of opening medicine bottles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis,” Glasgow, Scotland, 1976. InstitutVerpackungsmarktforschung. (n.d.). Standards for child resistant packaging. Retrieved from http://www.ivm-childsafe.com/child-resistant-packaging/crp-standards Pfizer. (n.d.). About arthritis. Retrieved from http://www.arthritis.com/osteoarthritis_symptoms.aspx Tranchard, S. (2012, December 19). Iso packaging standard protects children from everyday products. Retrieved from http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/news_archive/news.htm?refid=Ref1687 Quality of Life Rating Chapter. (n.d.). Disability Benefits . Retrieved January 30, 2013, from https://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/services/disability-benefits/benefits-determined/table-of-disabilities/ch-02-2006#cn-tphp Smith, A. (n.d.). Community - A Review of the Theory. infED. Retrieved January 30, 2013, from http://www.infed.org/community/community.htm

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