Prosti pretok blaga: Od Dassonvilla do Kecka

1. Prosti pretok blaga: Od Dassonvilla do Kecka Filozofska fakulteta, 29. maj 2009

2. Prepoved količinskih omejitev • Article 28 Quantitative restrictions on imports and all measures having equivalent effect shall be prohibitedbetween Member States. • Article 29 Quantitative restrictions on exports, and all measures having equivalent effect, shall be prohibitedbetween Member States.

3. Prepoved količinskih omejitev • Člen 28 Med državami članicami so prepovedane količinske omejitve pri uvozu in vsi ukrepi z enakimučinkom. • Člen 29 Količinske omejitve pri izvozu in vsi ukrepi z enakim učinkom so med državami članicamiprepovedani.

4. Utemeljitev izjem • Article 30 The provisions of Articles 28 and 29 shall not preclude prohibitions or restrictions on imports,exports or goods in transit justified on grounds of public morality, public policy or public security;the protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants; the protection of national treasurespossessing artistic, historic or archaeological value; or the protection of industrial and commercialproperty. Such prohibitions or restrictions shall not, however, constitute a means of arbitrarydiscrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between Member States.

5. Utemeljitev izjem • Člen 30 Določbe členov 28 in 29 ne izključujejo prepovedi ali omejitev pri uvozu, izvozu ali blaguv tranzitu, če so utemeljene z javno moralo, javnim redom ali javno varnostjo, varovanjem zdravjain življenja ljudi, živali ali rastlin, varstvom nacionalnih bogastev zumetniško, zgodovinsko aliarheološko vrednostjo ali z varstvom industrijske in poslovne lastnine. Vendar te prepovedi aliomejitve ne smejo biti sredstvo za samovoljno diskriminacijo ali prikrito omejevanje trgovine meddržavami članicami.

6. Zadeva 8/74 Dassonville, [1974] ZOdl. 837: • 5. All trading rules enacted by Member States which are capable of hindering, directly or indirectly,actually or potentially, intra-Community trade are to be considered as measures having an effectequivalent to quantitative restrictions. • 6. In the absence of a Community system guaranteeing for consumers the authenticity of a product‘sdesignation of origin, if a Member States takes measures to prevent unfair practices in thisconnexion, it is however subject to the condition that these measures should be reasonable andthat the means of proof required should not act as a hindrance to trade between Member Statesand should, in consequence, be accessible to all Community nationals.

7. Zadeva 8/74 Dassonville, [1974] ZOdl. 837: • 5. Vsa pravila trgovanja, ki so jih sprejele države članice in ki bi lahko neposredno ali posredno ter dejansko ali potencialno ovirala promet znotraj Skupnosti, je treba šteti za ukrepe z enakim učinkom, kot ga imajo količinske omejitve. • 6. Ob odsotnosti sistema Skupnosti, ki bi potrošnikom zagotavljal avtentičnost oznake o izvoru izdelka, lahko država članica izvaja ukrepe, s katerimi skuša glede tega preprečiti nepošteno prakso, vendar sme te ukrepe izvajati le pod pogojem, da so razumni, ter tako, da zahtevana dokazna sredstva ne smejo imeti učinka omejevanja trgovine med državami članicami in morajo posledično biti dostopna vsem državljanom Skupnosti.

8. Zadeva 120/78 Cassis de Dijon, [1979] ZOdl. 649: • 14. It is clear from the foregoing that the requirements relating to the minimum alcohol content ofalcoholic beverages do not serve a purpose which is in the general interest and such as to takeprecedence over the requirements of the free movement of goods, which constitutes one of thefundamental rules of the Community. […] It therefore appears that the unilateral requirement imposed by the rules of a Member State of aminimum alcohol content for the purposes of the sale of alcoholic beverages constitutes anobstacle to trade which is incompatible with the provisions of Article 30 of the Treaty. […]

9. Zadeva 120/78 Cassis de Dijon, [1979] ZOdl. 649: • 14. Iz zgoraj navedenega jasno izhaja, da zahteve o minimalni vsebnosti alkohola v alkoholnih pijačah ne služijo namenu, ki je v splošnem interesuin ki bi kot tak imel prednost pred zahtevami prostega pretoka blaga, ki je eno izmed temeljnih pravil Skupnosti. […] Razvidno je torej, da minimalna vsebnost alkohola, ki jo država članica v svoji zakonodaji enostransko določi kot pogoj za trženje alkoholnih pijač, pomeni oviro v trgovini, ki ni združljiva z določbami 30. člena Pogodbe. […]

10. Združeni zadevi C-267 in 268/91 Keck, [1993] ZOdl. I-6097: • 16. By contrast, contrary to what has previously been decided, the application to products from otherMember States of national provisions restricting or prohibiting certain selling arrangements is notsuch as to hinder directly or indirectly, actually or potentially, trade between Member States withinthe meaning of the Dassonville judgment (case 8/74 [1974] ECR 837), so long as those provisionsapply to all relevant traders operating within the national territory and so long as they affect inthe same manner, in law and in fact, the marketing of domestic products and of those from otherMember States.

11. Združeni zadevi C-267 in 268/91 Keck, [1993] ZOdl. I-6097: • 16. Nasprotno pa, drugače kot je bilo prej razsojeno, uporaba nacionalnih določb, ki omejujejo ali prepovedujejo določene tržne režime, za izdelke iz drugih držav članic ni take narave, da bi ovirala, neposredno ali posredno, dejansko ali potencialno, promet med državami članicami v smislu sodbe Dassonville (zadeva 8/74 [1974] ZOdl. 837), če te določbe veljajo za vse relevantne trgovce, ki delujejo na ozemlju države članice in če učinkujejo na enak način, tako pravno kot dejansko, na trženje domačih izdelkov in tistih iz drugih držav članic.