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Introduction to C#: Variables, Expressions, and .NET Framework Basics

In this week-long introduction to C#, explore the fundamentals of the C# language, its integration with the .NET framework, and essential installation steps using Visual Studio. Learn about C# applications, including console and Windows Forms applications. Understand the architecture of the .NET framework, including common language runtime (CLR) and garbage collection. Gain insights into writing simple programs and utilizing key resources within Visual Studio to enhance your C# development skills.

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Introduction to C#: Variables, Expressions, and .NET Framework Basics

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  1. Week 1: THE C# LANGUAGE Chapter 1: Variables and Expressions ➤Included in Visual Studio.NET ➤What the .NET Framework is and what it contains ➤ How .NET applications work ➤ What C# is and how it relates to the .NET Framework ➤ What tools are available for creating .NET applications with C#

  2. Included in Visual Studio.NET • Visual Basic (VB.Net, VB 7.0) • C++ • C# (đọc là C Sharp) • J# (J Sharp) • .NET Framework Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 2

  3. Install Visual Studio.NET 2010 • Chạy file setup.exe ta được hình minh họa (chú ý cài khá lâu có thể hơn 45phút) Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 3

  4. Install Visual Studio.NET 2010 • Trên windows XP phải Service pack3 Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 4

  5. Install Visual Studio.NET 2010 • Trên windows XP phải Service pack3 Nên chọn full Chú ý Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 5

  6. WHAT IS THE .NET FRAMEWORK? • Understanding the .NET Framework Architecture Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 6

  7. WHAT IS THE .NET FRAMEWORK? • Common Language Runtime Architecture Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 7

  8. WHAT IS THE .NET FRAMEWORK? • Microsoft’s modern software development platform • Supports several programming languages, including C#, Visual Basic, C++, J# • Programs executed by Common Language Runtime (CLR) • Includes a large library of components (classes) which can be used in programs Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 8

  9. Writing Applications Using the .NET Framework • CIL (Common Intermediate Language code.), JIT (just-in-time compiler) • MSIL or IL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) • Assemblies • Managed Code • Garbage Collection Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 9

  10. Writing Applications Using the .NET Framework C# Code C#Compiler IL JITCompiler Visual Basic Code VisualBasicCompiler COBOL Code NativeCode COBOL Compiler Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 10

  11. Writing Applications Using the .NET Framework Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 11

  12. WHAT IS C#? • Applications You Can Write with C# • Windows applications • Web applications: • Web services: Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 12

  13. Visual Studio • Powerful, professional Integrated Development Environment (IDE) • Integrates compilers, debugger and many other useful tools for development • Can work with many different types of project, including: • Console (text-based) applications • Windows (GUI) applications • Web applications (ASP.NET) • Class libraries Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 13

  14. Visual Studio Solution explorer Visual designer Toolbox windows Properties windows Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 14

  15. Visual Studio projects • A project contains source code files, settings and resources for an application • May contain references to class libraries • May contain data used by application • Building a project: • Compiles source files • Copies non-source files to output folder • Creates an assembly in output folder • Building a solution builds all its projects Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 15

  16. Project details Solution folder contents Project folder contents References – class libraries used by this application Solution file (.sln) and project file (.csproj) are created by VS and contain solution/project configuration information Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 16

  17. Creating a Visual Studio project • Demo Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 17

  18. SUMMARY ??? Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 18

  19. Week 1: THE C# LANGUAGE Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program A basic working knowledge of Visual Studio 2010 and Visual C# 2010 Express Edition How to write a simple console application How to write a Windows Forms application

  20. Visual C# 2010 Ultimate Windows Programming 1 Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program Slide 20

  21. CONSOLE APPLICATIONS Windows Programming 1 Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program Slide 21

  22. WINDOWS FORMS APPLICATIONS Windows Programming 1 Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program Slide 22

  23. The Solution Explorer Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 23

  24. The Properties Window Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 24

  25. Code view Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 25

  26. The Error List Window Windows Programming 1 Chapter 1: Introducing C# Slide 26

  27. SUMMARY ? ? ? Windows Programming 1 Chapter 2: Writing a C# Program Slide 27

  28. Week 1: THE C# LANGUAGE Chapter 3:Variables and Expressions Basic C# syntax Variables and how to use them Expressions and how to use them

  29. BASIC C# SYNTAX • The look and feel of C# code is similar to that of C++ and Java. • C# compilers ignore additional spacing in code, whether it results from spaces, carriage returns, or tab characters (collectively known as whitespace characters). • Statements • C# is a block-structured language, meaning statements are part of a block of code. Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 29

  30. block • These blocks, which are delimited with curly brackets ({ and }), may contain any number of statements, or none at all Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 30

  31. comments • Comments can be created using //… • Multi-lines comments use /* … */ • You can use single-line comments that start with three / symbols instead of two /// A special comment • Comments are ignored by the compiler • Used only for human readers Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 31

  32. The code outlining • You can do this with the #region and #endregion keywords, which define the start and end of a region of code that can be expanded and collapsed. Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 32

  33. VARIABLES • C# syntax for declaring variables merely specifies the type and variable name: <type> <name>; int intNumberOfStudents; • Declaration includes • Name, follow Naming Convention Rules • Data Type • Required Value for Constants • Optional Initial Value for Variables Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 33

  34. Simple Types Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 34

  35. Simple Types Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 35

  36. Simple Types Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 36

  37. Using Simple Type Variables Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 37

  38. Variable Naming • The first character of a variable name must be either a letter, an underscore character ( _ ), or the at symbol (@). • Subsequent characters may be letters, underscore characters, or numbers. Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 38

  39. String Literals Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 39

  40. String Literals • This means that the following strings are equivalent: "Karli \’s string." "Karli \u0027 s string.“ • @ "A short list: item 1 item 2“ • "C:\\Temp\\MyDir\\MyFile.doc“ @ "C:\Temp\MyDir\MyFile.doc" Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 40

  41. EXPRESSIONS • Operators can be roughly classified into three categories: • ➤ Unary— Act on single operands • ➤ Binary—Act on two operands • ➤ Ternary—Act on three operands Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 41

  42. Mathematical Operators Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 42

  43. Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 43

  44. Manipulating Variables with Mathematical Operators Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 44

  45. Assignment Operators Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 45

  46. Operator Precedence Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 46

  47. Namespaces • Namespaces are also used as a means of categorizing items in the .NET Framework • C# code, by default, is contained in the global namespace • Qualified names use period characters (.) between namespace levels • System.Int32 Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 47

  48. Namespaces • Code in the global namespace, however, must refer to this name using the classified name LevelOne.NameOne. Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 48

  49. Namespaces • Within a namespace, you can define nested namespaces, also using the namespace keyword. Windows Programming 1 Chapter3: Variables and Expressions Slide 49

  50. SUMMARY ? ? ? Windows Programming 1 Chapter 3: Variables and Expressions Slide 50

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