Knitting Elements and Structures: Lecture Series

1. Lecture # 10 Knitting Elements and Basic Knitting Structures

2. Knitting Elements • Needle • Sinker • Cam • Feeder • Winder

3. Needles

4. Needle Parts • Stem – Used to hold the course of old loops  • Hook – The hook is used to catch a thread and form loops. • Rivet – Holds the latch in place and allows it to pivot. • Latch – The latch combines the task performed by the presser bar and the beard of the bearded needle. • Butt – The butt enables the movement of the needle to be controlled by a cam mechanism.  A track raises and lowers the needle. • Tail – Used to provide support to the needle.

5. Needle History • Matthew Townsend, a Leicester hosier, patented the latch needle in 1849.  • Townsend spent much of his time developing new knitted fabrics and he investigated a simpler way of knitting purl fabrics. 

6. Sinkers

7. CAMS • Knit Cams • Tuck Cams • Miss Cams

8. Yarn Feeder

9. Cylinder, Dial and Flat Bed • Parts of machine to hold needle • Determines the gauge of the machine

10. Fabric Winder • To pull fabric downward • To wrap it on a bar or to make laps of fabric • Limited weight • Traditionally it was up to 30 kg but today more than 120 kgs is possible

11. Basic Four Knitting Structures • Plain • Rib • Interlock • Purl

12. Technical Front

13. Technical Back

14. Plain Structure

15. Rib Structure

16. Purl Structure

17. Interlock Structure

18. Lecture # 11 Flat Knitting Machines

19. FlatKnitting Flat knitting ---- Needle bed is flat

21. Single bed and double bed flat knitting machines • Production • Collars, arm bands • Sweaters • Rib • Gloves • For more information: • http://www.shimaseiki.co.jp

22. Gauge • 3 to 14 • 3 to 10 for sweaters • 12 to 14 for collars and cuffs

23. Main characteristics • Strong grip in fine gauge • Soft feel in course gauge • Loose structure • Easy designing • Multi colors • Slow production

24. Conti--- • Easy to operate • Width up to 70 inches

25. Significance of Flat Knitting Machines • Part of main body • Garment in flat knitted fabric • Sweaters

26. Production • 400 collars per day • Collar length is 3 to 4 inches • In fabric form 40 to 50 meters • Width 4 to 80 inches

27. Machines arrangements • Number of feeders 2 to 14 • Jacquard • Transfer • Manual • Automatic • Machine Specification

28. Quality Parameters • Gauge • Width • Length • Number of stitches • Knitting fault • Oil problem • Edges uneven

29. Carriage • Moving • Taking all cams and feeding system • Change of cam with in carriage • Change of yarn with the help of change of feeder • Movement restriction

30. Costing • Per piece • Per kg

31. Lecture 12Circular Knitting Most Common Machines

33. Types of circular knitting machines • Single knit • Double knit • Fleece • Stripe • Jacquard • Plush • Terry

36. Main Parts • Yarn feeding system • Needle and sinker bed • Fabric winder • Power transmission • Lubrication • Control panels

37. Yarn Feeding • Creels

38. Combi Creel

40. Fan Creel

42. Filter Creel

44. Yarn Feeding

46. Elastic Yarn Feeder

48. Lubricants

50. Uniwave