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Iat 202 lecture 06

Iat 202 lecture 06. s usan clements-vivian. Final project examples. http :// vimeo.com/32974077 http:// vimeo.com/32956296. today. Nature of Light Lighting purposes and functions Nature of shadows Outer and inner orientation Lighting Techniques

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Iat 202 lecture 06

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  1. Iat 202 lecture 06 • susanclements-vivian

  2. Final project examples • http://vimeo.com/32974077 • http://vimeo.com/32956296

  3. today • Nature of Light • Lighting purposes and functions • Nature of shadows • Outer and inner orientation • Lighting Techniques **Concepts in this lecture from Sight, Sound and Motion, chapter 2

  4. Light and shadow • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUGPa_t8700&list=PL12836B21C8C97627

  5. lighting Lighting is the direct manipulation of light and shadows for a specific communication purpose. – Zettle Suggested reading Sight, Sound and Motion, chapter 2

  6. lighting You clarify and intensify an event through light (as you do through composition, editing, sequencing, sound….).

  7. light and shadow • Lighting is about controlling shadows not illuminating an object.

  8. Shadow and the brain http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/channel/brain-games/watch-this-pictures/#/brain-games-optical-illusion_38884_600x450.jpg

  9. Attached shadow reversal

  10. Attached shadow reversal

  11. Lighting: outer orientation • Shape • Texture • Position • Time of year • Time of day

  12. Attached SHADOWS “Attached shadows on faces create a dramatic composition in John Huston’s Asphalt Jungle”

  13. Cast shadows Last Year at Marienbad

  14. CAST SHADOWS

  15. Fall off

  16. Controlling fall off

  17. Controlling Falloff -- manipulation of fill light • directional beam sharp fall off • floodlights produce slow fall off • slowing fall off - attached shadow area somewhat transparent and reducing contrast between light & dark • through amount of fill light or w/ reflectors • foggy day / no harsh shadows • not illuminated side that tells us about lighting but the shadows

  18. Stand lighting set-up Three point lighting Triangular arrangement of lights Key is main source of light and reveals shape of object. Placed above and in front of head Fill light is placed on opposite side of camera as key and fills in the shadows Back light shines on back of head to increase separation from

  19. Lighting set-up?

  20. Lighting set-up Key light Key light Background light (barn doors to prevent spill) Back light Background left Baselight (slow fall off)

  21. Lighting set-up Key light Key light Background light (barn doors to prevent spill) Back light Background left Baselight (slow fall off)

  22. Lighting set-up Key light Key light Background light (barn doors to prevent spill) Back light Background left Baselight (slow fall off)

  23. Lighting set-up Key light Key light Background light (barn doors to prevent spill) Back light Background left Baselight (slow fall off)

  24. Lighting approaches There are two main categories for lighting: • high key lighting • low key lighting

  25. High key / flat lighting Key and fill lights are almost equal Very little contrast between lightest and darkest areas of set Almost no shadows – used for musicals, comedies and game shows

  26. Low key Key strong, very little fill light Strong contrast between lightest and darkest areas of set Creates strong shadows – suspense genres like film noir

  27. Chiaroscuro Organic – scene looks realisticDirectional – leads eye to part of the frame Spatial – to define spaceand balance composition Thematic – supportstheme or story Emotional – establish or emphasize a mood

  28. Inland Empire, David Lynch

  29. Inland Empire, David Lynch

  30. Inland Empire, David Lynch

  31. Chiaroscuro Lighting Fast fall-off (hard light) with light/dark contrast Articulates space, intensify three dimensions Expressive quality – light comes from within scene Supper at Emmaus (Caravaggio)

  32. Rembrandt Lighting

  33. Rembrandt Lighting Selectivity and fast fall-off Only some areas are lit whileothers are unlit or under-litThe fall-off is fast but there is enough light to make attachedshadows transparent Background is dark but has enough illumination to set offoutline of central figure

  34. Cameo lighting Illuminates subject only Usually key and back lights illuminate subjectsNo fill light is used Subjects stand out againstdarker background

  35. Cameo lighting

  36. Flat lighting Diffuse light Light seems to come from all directions Opposite of chiaroscuroVery slow falloff and transparent attached and cast shadows High key, implies high energy, efficiency, mechanization, depersonalization

  37. Flat lighting

  38. Other considerations • Diffuse / soft • hard • Side • Back

  39. Diffuse Light or Soft Light

  40. Direct Light or Hard Light

  41. Silhouette Lighting Both chiaroscuro and flat Chiaroscuro because of lightand dark contrast Flat because it emphasizescontour rather than volume ortexture Opposite of cameo as it lightsbackground and not figure

  42. SIDE LIGHTING

  43. Direction of Light: Emphases Shape, Outline Flattens The Image Sculpts Volume

  44. White Balance

  45. Clicker question: best description of lighting High key light Low key light Prescriptive Chiaroscuro Flat

  46. Iat 202 lecture 06 fin

  47. Widescreen Test Pattern (16:9) Aspect Ratio Test (Should appear circular) 4x3 16x9

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