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Radiation

Radiation. By Jordan Crespi and Anya Chang-DePuy. Outline:. Alpha Emission Beta Emission Positron Emission Electron Capture Gamma Emission Our conclusions Bibliography. Alpha Emission.

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Radiation

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  1. Radiation By Jordan Crespi and Anya Chang-DePuy

  2. Outline: • Alpha Emission • Beta Emission • Positron Emission • Electron Capture • Gamma Emission • Our conclusions • Bibliography

  3. Alpha Emission • The atom emits a helium nucleus with 2 protons and 2 neutrons, causing the remaining nucleus to have 2 fewer protons and neutrons with the atomic number declining by 2 and the mass by 4. • For example: 20884Po undergoes alpha decay: its product is 20482Th 20884Po -> 42He+20482Pb

  4. Beta Emission • A neutron are converted into a proton and an electron so the number of neutron is decreased stabilizing the nuclides. • For example, when 13153I I undergoes beta emission the product is: 13153I I 13154Xe + 0-1 e+ 00--v

  5. Positron Emission • Some protons are converted into neutrons by emitting a positron stabilizing the nuclides and increasing the neutron/proton ratio. • For example, when 5025 Mn undergoes positron emission the product is: 5025 Mn 5024Cr + 01 +00v

  6. Electron Capture • The nucleus of its own atom captures an inner orbital electron which combines with a proton, forming a neutron causing the neutron/proton ratio to increase. • For example, when 8136Cm undergoes electron capture the product is: 8136Cm + 0–1 e  8135Br + 00 v

  7. Gamma Emission • Gamma emission occurs when the nucleus changes to have a lower energy state. The nucleus emits a very high energy photon. • Nuclear batteries give off an gamma emission of 178Hfm2.

  8. Our Conclusion • Alpha, beta, positron, and gamma emission, and also electron capture are all an important role in the chemistry world.  Alpha and beta are usually the most often emissions you will see.  When a radioactive nucleus undergoes alpha emission, it emits a helium nucleus, which leaves the remaining nucleus with two fewer protons and two fewer neutrons.  Beta emission, is when a radioactive nucleus, has a neutron in its nucleus convert into a proton and an electron, then it ejects the electron.  Positron emission is when a proton is converted to a neutron, a positron, and a neutrino.  When a radioactive nucleus goes under gamma emission, it emits a very high energy photon.  Which is caused due to the nucleus reorganizing itself in a lower energy state.  And lastly, electron capture is when an electron in an atom's inner shell is drawn into the nucleus where it combines with a proton, forming a neutron and a neutrino.  This neutrino is ejected from the atom's nucleus.  These emissions and one capture processes all have a part in the chemistry world.

  9. Bibliography • http://physics.unco.edu/sung/sci103/nuclear/alpha_decay.gif • http://education.jlab.org/glossary/betadecay.gif • http://physics.unco.edu/sung/sci103/nuclear/positron_decay.gif • http://www.euronuclear.org/images/elektroneneinfange.jpg • http://fys246.nuclear.lu.se/images/rotnucl.gif • http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Radioactivity/Writing-Alpha-Beta.html

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