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Lesson: Mixtures & Compounds

Learn about the difference between mixtures and compounds, including their composition, properties, and the number of atoms in each molecule. Explore examples and review questions to deepen your understanding.

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Lesson: Mixtures & Compounds

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  1. Lesson: Mixtures & Compounds

  2. A mixture is made of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined. Air is a mixture Sea water is a mixture

  3. Air contains: nitrogen oxygen carbon dioxide

  4. Sea-water contains: water salt The Dead Sea has a high concentration of salt.

  5. A compound is formed when two or more elements combine chemically. Carbon dioxide gas is a compound formed when one atom of carbon is combined chemically with two atoms of oxygen (CO2). oxygen carbon

  6. A compound is formed when two or more elements combine chemically oxygen Water is a compound formed when one atom of oxygen is combined chemically with two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). hydrogen

  7. Examples of compounds Water (H2O) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Magnesium oxide (MgO) Iron sulfide (FeS) How many atoms are in each molecule of the above compounds?

  8. Differences between mixtures and compounds MIXTURES COMPOUNDS • Made of 2 or more substances • Is a single substance • Proportion of each substance may vary • Proportion of each element is fixed • Properties are the same as the properties of the substances mixed together • Properties are different to the elements involved • Generally easy to separate • Difficult to separate

  9. A compound is a completely new substance with its own properties. Water (H2O) is a liquid that can put out fires. Yet, the elements that make it are very different. Hydrogen (H2) is an explosive gas. oxygen Oxygen (O2) is needed for burning. hydrogen

  10. A compound is a completely new substance with its own properties. oxygen Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a colourless gas used to put out fires. Carbon (C) is a black solid. carbon Oxygen (O2) is needed for burning.

  11. A compound is a completely new substance with its own properties. Magnesium oxide (MgO) is a dull white solid. Magnesium (Mg) is a soft shiny metal. Oxygen (O2) is needed for burning.

  12. A compound is a completely new substance with its own properties. Iron sulfide (FeS) is a grey solid that is not attracted to magnets. Iron (Fe) is a metal that is attracted to magnets. Sulfur (S) is a bright yellow solid.

  13. Review Questions 1. Is air a mixture or a compound? 2. What elements is carbon dioxide made from? 3. Name one difference between a compound and a mixture. 4. Hydrogen is explosive and oxygen is needed for burning. What compound can both of these elements make?

  14. Question to think about! How could you check if a substance was an element or a compound? oxygen hydrogen

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