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The story of the machine finally begins.

The story of the machine finally begins. Nuclear Force or Strong Force. What holds them together?. Pions π. Yukawa suggested a new particle mediate the nuclear force. He predicted its mass is between proton and electron ~ 100Mev. Bubble Chamber picture of pions. More fundamental particles.

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The story of the machine finally begins.

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  1. The story of the machine finally begins.

  2. Nuclear Force or Strong Force What holds them together?

  3. Pions π Yukawa suggested a new particle mediate the nuclear force. He predicted its mass is between proton and electron ~100Mev.

  4. Bubble Chamber picture of pions

  5. More fundamental particles Kaon K and Lambda Λ

  6. And more and more and more … until they don’t feel fundamental at all…………

  7. Fortune telling diagrams?

  8. Gellman Said ………… It’s the composition of 3, stupid! Let’s call them Quarks. "three quarks for Muster Mark" in James Joyce's novel, Finnegan's Wake

  9. Proton and Neutron are compositions of three quarks (uud and udd). Pion and Kaon are compositions of a quark and an antiquark.

  10. The more energetic the bullet, the closer you get inside the target!!!!

  11. 湯姆遜，羅塞福 電子、原子核

  12. And if the protons and neutrons were a centimeter in diameter; Then the electrons and quarks would be less than the diameter of a hair; and The entire atom's diameter would be greater than the length of 30 football fields!

  13. 原子核 原子

  14. In 1964 Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig suggested that 100's of the particles known at the time could be explained as combinations of just 3 fundmental particles. Gell-Mann chose the name of "quarks" for these constituents. This word appears in the phrase "three quarks for Muster Mark" in James Joyce's novel, Finnegan's Wake . • 介子 6 Flavors 重子 每種夸克有三種顏色

  15. Fundamental Particles

  16. 貝它衰變──中子→質子+電子+微中子

  17. Glashow, Weinberg and Salem: Standard Model Twins Different aspects of the same interaction. Electromagnetic and weak interactions are unified into Electroweak.

  18. But why are W’s much heavier than photon γ? Maybe the plate for W is heavier than γ!!!!!!! How smart!

  19. Higgs twists the vacuum, the ground state, the starting point, in such a way that makes W heavier than γ. And it’s everywhere and there is no escape from it. Higgs particles Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

  20. This model is extremely successful, except ……… yet!!!!!!! We havn’t found the Higgs particles,

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