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Anisa Grantham, LPC, NCAC Rincon Recovery resources, llc

FOOD ADDICTION: The Relationship With Food. Anisa Grantham, LPC, NCAC Rincon Recovery resources, llc. My Story. Addiction Overview Obesity Epidemic in America Food Addiction/Sugar Sensitivity The Relationship with Food Therapeutic Considerations Questions. outline.

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Anisa Grantham, LPC, NCAC Rincon Recovery resources, llc

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  1. FOOD ADDICTION: The Relationship With Food Anisa Grantham, LPC, NCACRincon Recovery resources, llc

  2. My Story

  3. Addiction Overview Obesity Epidemic in America Food Addiction/Sugar Sensitivity The Relationship with Food Therapeutic Considerations Questions outline

  4. Overview and Refresher addiction

  5. The simple definition of addiction is: Loss of Control Behavior becomes Unpredictable Simple definition

  6. Common Aspects of Addiction: • Loss of Control • Preoccupation • Increased Tolerance • Heightened Pleasures  Increased Cravings • Secrecy • Avoidance of activities with others • Failed attempts at cutting back or quitting addiction

  7. There is one key word that can distinguish between someone with or without an issue. For someone without an issue, the substance does something TO them. For someone with an issue, the substance does something FORthem. Addiction (cont’d)

  8. ANOREXIA STARVATION IS A FORM OF CONTROL. TEND TO BE PASSIVE WITH OTHERS – RESTRICTION INCREASES ENDORPHINS “HIGH” BULIMIA/ DOUBLE TROUBLE. OVEREATING BINGEING AND SELF INDUCED VOMITTING OR USE OF LAXATIVES - CONTROL COMPULSIVE THE GOAL IS TO NUMB OUT OVEREATING EMOTION – AVOID AT ALL COST EATING DISORDERS

  9. Obesity epidemic in America

  10. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. • 2 out of 3 Americans is considered overweight or obese. (Have a BMI greater than 25) Obesity Epidemic in America Obese: Over 30 Overweight: 25- 29.9 Healthy Weight: 18.5- 25.9 Underweight: Under 18.5

  11. American Heart Association 2013 Stats • Among Americans 20 and older 154.7 Million are overweight or obese. • 79.9 Million Men • 74.8 Million Women • Of these, 78.4 Million are Obese • 36.8 Million Men • 41.6 Million Women

  12. ‘The total excess cost related to the current prevalence of adolescent overweight and obesity is estimated to be $254 billion ($208 billion in lost productivity secondary to premature morbidity and mortality and $46 billion in direct medical costs).’ - American Heart Association The cost

  13. Meets the 4 criteria for being classified as a disease: 1. Primary Diagnosis- Not a secondary symptom of something else; independent 2. Progressive- It gets worse over time…. 3. Chronic- It does not go away (surgery =remission) There is no Cure. 4. FATAL- It will kill you The dis-ease of obesity

  14. Obesity is visible wherever you go • Everyone can see your disease (Obesity walks in the door with you.) • Most overweight individuals are malnourished due to the types of food they consume, most commonly high in fat and sugar and low in nutritional quality • Most obese individuals feel the need to excel in another aspect of their lives (professional, caretaking) in order to compensate for their feelings of inadequacy on a personal level Living with the disease of obesity

  15. Food addiction – THE RELATIONSHIP

  16. Disease will say “you can not be addicted” Can you really have a food addiction? D: Don’t E: Even N: Notice I: I A: Am L: Lying This Idea Fuels DENIAL … If people NEEDfood to survive….

  17. The weight loss/gain cycle Why Bother What’s wrong with me? Stressors Emotional problems/ Situations Restriction Feelings of guilt and shame Diet or Change in Eating Weight Regain/restriction Good Food Vs Bad Food ‘said that before’ Emotional relief/ reduce pain / gain control Return to Old Food/Habits ‘This time is going to be different’ Loss of trust in self

  18. The Similarities to Other Addictions Loss of Control Preoccupation Increased Tolerance Heightened Pleasures Increased Cravings Secrecy Avoidance of activities with others Failed attempts at cutting back/dieting FOOD AS AN ADDICTION: Does it fit?

  19. http://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-sugar-affects-the-brain-nicole-avenahttp://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-sugar-affects-the-brain-nicole-avena https://s.ytimg.com/yts/img/no_thumbnail-vfl4t3-4R.jpg Nicole Avena: How Sugar affects the brain

  20. The destructive eating cycle Problem/Event Situation Thoughts of guilt or inadequacy Relief fades and guilt and shame return Should, Could, Would Loss of Control Action: Eat or restrict

  21. Signs and Symptoms • Binge Eating/ Feeling out of Control • Eating Faster than Normal • Low Self Esteem/ Needing to Eat More • Eating Alone (out of shame/ embarrassment) • Shame, Depression, Mood Swings from over eating • Withdrawn from Activities/Outings • Eating Small Amounts in Public • Rapid Weight Gain • Preoccupation with food • Significant Decrease in Mobility • Unsuccessful Diets • Awareness of Abnormal Eating Habits THE MISUSE OF FOOD:

  22. Emotional and Psychological Aspects The relationship

  23. “Good” Food: When I eat good food, I am a good person. • Does not taste good • Healthy foods, vegetables • Organic, expensive • “Bad” Food: When I eat bad food, I am a bad person. • Higher in calories and fat • Has the ‘yummy’ taste • Activates the reward center of the brain • These are foods we ‘crave’, setting us up to feel bad about ourselves and entering the cycle of shame. • We enjoy them Good food versus bad food

  24. Hunger- Indicated by the body as an innate need to nourish our bodies. Appetite- Desire to eat created through the senses of sight, smell, taste, touch, and hear. Satiety- The state of being full or gratified. We have difficulty in a society of plenty distinguishing between hunger and appetite. For many individuals, the ability to recognize our own satiety has been lost. Hunger. Appetite, and Satiety

  25. HOW DO I KNOW?? • Hunger & Satiety Rating Scale • 10= stuffed- feel sick • 9= very uncomfortable-loosen belt • 8= uncomfortably full • 7= very full-overeaten • 6= comfortably full • 5= comfortable • 4= beginning signals of hunger • 3= hungry • 2= very hungry-no concentration • 1= starving/dizzy/irritable • When will I be hungry again? • Simple-Refined Carbohydrates 20 minutes cookies donuts cake popcorn chips fruit juice candy/bars • Complex Carbohydrates 30 – 40 minutes cucumbers broccoli apple rice pasta peach green beans grapes • Proteins 2 – 4 hours chicken lamb beef soy milk Cheese eggs legumes fish nuts

  26. Our exposure and relationship to food includes • Sunday Dinners/Brunch • Sporting Events • Events (celebrations/holidays/losses) • Family Reunions/Vacations • Eating in front of TV • Lunch/dinner with colleagues/friends/church family • Boredom • Business meetings Food rituals and socialization

  27. Romancing: involves exposing one’s self to activities attached to food. (reading cook books, watching cooking shows, putting self near food related activities) • Stress Reduction: utilizing food to reduce unwanted stress and anxiety. Nervous energy is reduced by eating foods high in sugar and fat. • Comfort Effect: eating invokes a positive psychological effect when one is feeling depressed, angry, bored, out of control, lonely, shamed, or overwhelmed. This becomes your ‘go to’ food. Emotional and maladapative eating behaviors (Messina & Messina)

  28. Craving Relief: Food cravings stimulate anxiety, this is reduced by consuming the craving food, generally high in sugar and fat. • Self-Sabotage: successful weight loss, or any successful experience, may create anxiety if one’s self worth is negative. Weight loss and compliments triggers memories. (Personal fear of success- ‘can I maintain this’) • Family of Origin: early childhood experiences, food availability, and family rules all influence eating habits. Emotional and maladapative eating behaviors (Messina & Messina)

  29. Binge Eating: short intense episodes of overindulgence of food. Compulsive in nature, subconscious drive to relieve anxiety/fear • Over Eating: continuing to eat after one is full. May develop from use of food to reduce stress and anxiety. May also stem from habits resulting in lack of awareness in satiety. • Mindless Eating: Eating as an automatic response to rituals of daily living (daily routine, snacks, etc) Emotional and maladapative eating behaviors (Messina & Messina)

  30. Food Restriction: rigid limits around particular foods or categories of foods can result in a stronger than normal desire to consume these foods. We often romance off-limit activities that we find attractive, creating a fantasy and yearning. • Grazing: impulsive eating throughout the day because food is easily accessible. Usually taking in more calories than intended. Emotional and maladapative eating behaviors (Messina & Messina)

  31. Therapeutic considerations

  32. We tend to go to what is familiar F A M I L Y • Create Food Relationship History • relationship history with food - describe memories related to food as a child, teen, young adult, living independently • meal atmosphere (tension/relaxed) did family eat together / fend for yourself • any food items restricted/prohibited • what did you learn about types of food • any significant problems • Understanding the connections to certain foods or rituals…… Addressing the relationship with food

  33. Pre-eating Identifying a feeling – I eat because I love food Eating Alone Obsessive thoughts/preoccupation Secret Eating- hiding food/wrappers Dating food Making excuses/minimizing the warning signs of a ‘bad relationship’

  34. I’m responsible for everything and everyone I’m afraid or unable to say “No” I can swoop in and fix it ALL or NOTHING Mentality I don’t know where I end and you begin C O D E P E N D E N C Y Fear of rejection Doing out of obligation and not desire/want I have no purpose if I’m not taking care of others…..I need you to need me If you’re happy, I’m happy What if I took care of me first? Doesn’t that make me selfish?

  35. Why diets and surgery alone do not work: • Accepting self comes separate from weight loss. • The power of a scale • Redefine healthy • Family history of obesity- were there comments about body /what was your body image? • “I am good enough” Addressing the relationship with yourself

  36. Develop a support system • Short term goals • How does the client want things to be different – what are you willing to do? • Identify belief systems that do work • Self talk – what does that sound like? (+ vs -) • Re-define Healthy • stop dieting - develop food plan • exchanging habits assignments (benefits lists) Treatment planning

  37. Techniques for clients • Keeping a food journal • what are you eating • how much • what time of day • what's going on in the moment • what are you feeling • FitBit/fitness pal/apps • Measuring progress differently • Moving on purpose • Identify trigger food • abstinence - get it out of the house • making peace with food • what do you need it to do for you- trust yourself to do for you • how has it served you • how has your weight served you- protected you from who? from what?

  38. Eating Disorders Anonymous Food Addicts Anonymous Food Addicts in Recovery Anonymous Over Eaters Anonymous 12 step programs

  39. "Shade's of Hope" -Tennie McCarty “Mindful Eating” - Dr. Michelle May “Breaking Free from Emotional Eating”- GeneenRoth “Daring Greatly” – Brene Brown, PhD “Gifts of Imperfection” – Brene Brown, PhD “Success Habits of Weight Loss Surgery Patients” Colleen Cook Documentary- 90 minutes - Forks over Knives (2011) Books & Resources

  40. Thank You for your interest and the work you do! Any Questions?

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