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Geographical Coordinates

Geographical Coordinates. ISIS “Giovanni XXIII” Salerno Teacher: Alessandro Spina. COMENIUS PROJECT. Imaginary lines on the Earth. The Equator divides the Earth into two halves…hemispheres. The Parallele is an imaginary line running from East to West.

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Geographical Coordinates

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  1. Geographical Coordinates ISIS “Giovanni XXIII” Salerno Teacher: Alessandro Spina COMENIUS PROJECT

  2. Imaginary lines on the Earth • The Equator divides the Earth into two halves…hemispheres. • The Parallele is an imaginary line running from East to West. • The Meridian is a line running from North to South.

  3. LATITUDE • Latitude is the vertical coordinate and is indicated by the simbol φ (fi) • The latitude is an arc of meridian. • It is calculated in degrees 0° to 90° from Equator to the Poles.

  4. LONGITUDE • Longitude is the horizontal coordinate and has the symbol λ (lambda) • The longitude is an arc of the Equator • It is calculated in degrees 0° to 180° from Greenwich towards East or West

  5. Angle measurements and International Nautical Mile • 1°= 60 minutes = 60’ • 1’= 60 seconds = 60” • 1’ of latitude = 1852 meters = 1 Nautical Mile • 1” of latitude is approximately 30.9 meters • Current position is φ =40°40’ 22.5”N; λ =014°47’11.0” E

  6. Nautical Charts • Geographical and nautical charts are representations on a plane of areas of Earth’s surface. • The Earth’s shape makes it difficult to represent on a flat surface and Charts are approximate as regards angles and distance. • Charts are drawn up using a technique called projection. • Mercator Projection is the most commonly used method for drawing up nautical charts.

  7. Nautical Charts

  8. Map of the Old Town TRUE NORTH FIX W E SOUTH

  9. GPS Receivers and Magnetic COMPASS • Today, mobile phones have a gps receiver or a magnetic compass. • You can use these devices to work out your position on the map of the town.

  10. The Magnetic Compass • The Magnetic needle of a compass will always point to the magnetic North Pole at any position on the Earth • The pointer of a magnetic compass indicates magnetic north, wich corresponds to 000° degrees on the compass card, compass rose. • East is 090°degrees, South is 180° degrees and West is 270° degrees. • It was a certain Flavio Gioia(a pilot of Amalfi) who had invented The “ bussola”.

  11. The Magnetic Compass, “BUSSOLA” Arrow, fiducial line 270° 090° Your precise Position in Latitude and Longitude by Satellites On IPhone… 180°

  12. Global Positioning System • GPS uses an entire constellation of American satellites. • The GPS receiver picks up code signals sent out by the Satellites • This operation is carried out simultaneously ¾ satellites and gives a geographical point in φ, λ.

  13. Points of interest(sights) • FIX1- φ =40°40’ 43.5”N; λ =014°45’21.5” E • FIX2- φ =40°40’ 40.5”N; λ =014°45’33.5” E • FIX3 φ =40°40’ 36.5”N; λ =014°45’58.0” E • FIX4- φ =40°40’ 46”N; λ =014°45’32.5” E • FIX5- φ =40°40’ 50”N; λ =014°45’28.5” E • FIX6- φ =40°40’ 37.5”N; λ =014°45’42.5” E • FIX7- φ =40°40’ 45”N; λ =014°45’08” E • FIX8- φ =40°40’ 45.5”N; λ =014°45’36.0” E

  14. Monuments

  15. Good Luck!!! ISIS “Giovanni XXIII” Salerno Teacher: Alessandro Spina COMENIUS PROJECT

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