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The French Revolution: Influence, Terror, and Political Turmoil

The French Revolution transformed society and government in France, shifting from a monarchy to a republic. Radical leaders like Robespierre and the Jacobins sought to eliminate opposition through extreme measures, establishing the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror. The execution of King Louis XVI marked a pivotal moment, igniting war with other European monarchs concerned about revolutionary ideas spreading. The revolution faced internal resistance and economic turmoil, leading to the rise of moderates after Robespierre's execution and the establishment of the Directory.

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The French Revolution: Influence, Terror, and Political Turmoil

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  1. 5/17 Focus: • An extreme government changed French society and tried through harsh means to eliminate its critics within France • Do Now: • Explain why other European monarchs were concerned with events in France during the revolution.

  2. The French Revolution The Reign of Terror

  3. Legislative Assembly • French constitution created a limited monarchy • Legislative Assembly made laws • Assembly split into different factions • Conservatives • Moderates • Radicals

  4. The French Republic • Radicals took over the Assembly • Known as Jacobins • Led by Maximilien Robespierre • Jean- Paul Marat • Georges- Jacques Danton • Ended the monarchy • Execution of King Louis XVI • Declared the formation of a republic • Suspended the Constitution

  5. The French Republic • Radicals attempted to reform French Society • Eliminate influence of religion • Closed churches in Paris • Created the Cult for the Supreme Being • Worshipped Revolutionary ideals • Eliminate references to the monarchy and nobility • Created new calendar • New systems of weights and measurement

  6. The French Republic • The Republic faced many challenges • War with other European nations • The First coalition • Austria, Prussia, Spain, Great Britain • France suffered a number of defeats • Continuing economic issues • Resistance from people inside France • Not everyone supported killing the king • Many priests would not accept gov’t control • Many peasants were angry about a military draft

  7. The Reign of Terror • Radicals created the Committee of Public Safety • Find and eliminate people who threatened the revolution inside France • Use of terror to defend the republic

  8. The Reign of Terror • Radicals placed anyone suspected of not supporting the revolution on trial • Sentenced people to death by guillotine • Over 40,000 people killed

  9. The Reign of Terror • Robespierre began using the committee to eliminate other radicals that were his rivals • Georges- Jacques Danton • Reign of Terror ended after radicals execute Robespierre • July 27, 1794 • Robespierre sent to the guillotine

  10. Moderates Regain Control • Moderates returned to power and adopted a new constitution • Established the Directory to govern France • 5 man governing board • Failed to address economic problems and civil unrest

  11. Closure • What was the purpose of the Committee of Public Safety? • What political group took control of the government after the death of Robespierre?

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