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Recent studies shed light on why the elderly were less affected by the swine flu pandemic. Researchers discovered that antibodies from the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic may have provided protection. The flu virus's glycan shield and antigenic site Sa play crucial roles in evading immunity and vaccine effectiveness, with implications for future virus mutations and vaccine development.
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New Studies show why elderly weren’t as likely to get swine flu and warn about future outbreaks Los Angeles Times, March 24, 2010- Thomas H. MaughII (B.B. & S.K., H1N1) • Hemagglutinin are antigens that allows the flu virus to enter the cell, and are recognized by the host’s immune system. • Both the1918 and H1N1 pandemic flu viruses have almost identical amino acid sequences at the crucial antigenic site Sa, and are recognized by the same antibodies (Wilson I. A. and colleagues in the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla) • The elderly may have been spared from the recent pandemic H1N1 influenza because of production of antibodies related to the1918 “Spanish flu” pandemic hemagglutinin www.crimecleaners.com/ super-bugs
Antibodies produced against the 1918 virus can protect mice from the H1N1 virus, and vice versa (Dr Nable G. J. and colleagues, NAID) • As a protection mechanism, flu viruses can develop glycan shields against a host’s antibodies • The H1N1 and 1918 flu viruses have no glycans and are susceptible to antibody attacks • A H1N1 virus with an articifialglycan shield is able to evade the current vaccine (Nable, NAID) • Already 4 new isolates of swine flu have those glycans! • Overall, the current findings give insight to future infection waves and vaccine developments www.garieinternational.com.sg/clay/h1n1.htm