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Analysis of the Production of Hydrogen from Wind Energy

Analysis of the Production of Hydrogen from Wind Energy. Workshop on Electrolysis Production of Hydrogen from Wind and Hydropower. September 9, 2003. Scenario 1: electricity sold as a coproduct during on-peak periods. sell energy during on-peak periods at whole-sale prices. e. use energy.

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Analysis of the Production of Hydrogen from Wind Energy

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  1. Analysis of the Production of Hydrogen from Wind Energy Workshop on Electrolysis Production of Hydrogen from Wind and Hydropower September 9, 2003

  2. Scenario 1: electricity sold as a coproduct during on-peak periods sell energy during on-peak periods at whole-sale prices e use energy e during non- peak periods Alkaline Electrolyzer produced during non-peak periods When renewables operate H 2

  3. Scenario 2a: hydrogen produced from renewable electricity plus enough grid electricity to baseload electrolyzer use all e renewably- produced electricity e Alkaline purchase enough energy to baseload electrolyzer Electrolyzer H produced 95% of the year 2

  4. Scenario 2b: hydrogen produced from renewable electricity plus only non-peak grid electricity use all e renewably- produced electricty e purchase non-peak energy when renewable isn’t operating Alkaline Electrolyzer produced during all non-peak H 2 hours and on-peak hours when renewables operate

  5. e e produced during all non-peak hours Scenario 3: hydrogen production decoupled from renewables all renewable energy sold to grid purchase non-peak energy Alkaline Electrolyzer H 2

  6. Base case 1 2a 2b 3 The Potential Payoff PV Wind

  7. Critical Questions • When and where? • $$$? • Hybrid? • R&D focus? • Which are the most likely regions of the U.S. for using wind turbines to generate both electricity and hydrogen, and under what scenarios and time frame are they likely to become economical? • What is the optimized cost of a wind system that produces both electricity and hydrogen, both today and in the future using advanced technology? • What are the opportunities for reducing system cost by designing a hybrid wind-hydrogen system specifically for the co-production of electricity and hydrogen? • What are the areas that research and development in both wind and hydrogen should focus on to have the greatest impacts on cost in the near term and long term?

  8. WinDS and WinDS-H2 When and where? and $$$? Purpose: Address principle market issues for wind and wind/H2 Access to and cost of transmission Impact of hydrogen on intermittency 358 regions, GIS-supported Electricity transmission, H2 storage, H2 fuel Future: SMR, hydro, biomass WindSTORM $$$? and Hybrid? Purpose: optimize interface between wind turbine and H2 components (electrolyzer, fuel cell, energy storage) Effect of control strategy on system cost H2 used to store electricity or sold as fuel Shared power conversion, in-tower compressed gas storage, Ni-H2 ‘battery’ Modeling Tools Combined results and sensitivity analyses answer R&D focus

  9. Key People • Wind and Hydropower Program, Hydrogen Fuel Cells and Infrastructure Technologies Program, Energy Analysis, GIS • WindStorm - Controls decision model, Lee Jay Fingersh • WinDS - Market sector model, Walter Short & Nate Blair • Data support - Wind Program, HFC&IT Program, Sentech • Industry review and assistance

  10. Storage & Transport Costs Identification of the most economical delivery option Amos, W.A. (1998) Costs of Storing and Transporting Hydrogen. NREL/TP-570-25106. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.

  11. Schedule • FY03 - Adapt and expand models, begin generating results • September - Workshop • October - Status report • FY04 • Test electrolyzer and incorporate data • Continue sensitivity analyses • Specific and generalized locational results • Continue model refinement • Incorporate other H2 production technologies

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