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Level E Unit 8

This text investigates a range of emotions and states of being, including animosity, apathy, and apprehensiveness, highlighting their negative, positive, or neutral connotations. Each term's etymology is also explored, revealing their historical roots and how language shapes their meanings. From the bold nature of animosity to the positive implications of commend, discover how words like decrepit and deride express discontent, while congenial terms like genuine and suave foster understanding. This linguistic journey enhances our appreciation of emotional expression.

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Level E Unit 8

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  1. Level E • Unit 8

  2. animosity Connotation: negative Etymology: mid-15c., L. animositatem "boldness, vehemence," from animosus "bold, spirited," from animus “life, passion, courage, anger, spirit”

  3. apathy Connotation: negative Etymology: (16c.), from Gk. apatheia "freedom from suffering, impassability," from a- "without" + pathos "emotion, feeling, suffering"

  4. Connotation: negative Etymology: late 14c., "fitted for mental impression," from L. apprehendere "to take hold of, grasp," from ad- "to" + prehendere "to seize" apprehensive

  5. commend Connotation: positive Etymology: late 14c., from L. commendare "to entrust to, praise," from com- intens. prefix + mandare "to commit to one's charge"

  6. compatible Connotation: positive Etymology: 1459, from M.Fr. compatible, from M.L. compatibilis, from L.L. compati "to feel pity," from com- "together" + pati "to suffer"

  7. condolence Connotation: neutral Etymology: 1580s, from L.L. condolere "to suffer together," from com- "with" + dolere "to grieve."

  8. consecrate Connotation: positive Etymology: late 14c., from L. consecratus, pp. of consecrare "to make holy, devote," from com- "together" + sacrare "to make holy"

  9. decrepit Connotation: negative Etymology: c.1450, from M.Fr. decrepit, from L. decrepitus, from de- "down" + crepare "to crack, break."

  10. deride Connotation: negative Etymology: 1520s, from M.Fr. derider, from L. deridere "to ridicule, laugh to scorn"

  11. ingenuous Connotation: positive Etymology: 1598, from L. ingenuus "with the virtues of freeborn people, of noble character, frank," from in- "in" + gen- "beget, produce"

  12. multifarious Connotation: neutral Etymology: 1590s, from L. multifarius "manifold," from multifariam "in many places or parts," perhaps originally "that which can be expressed in many ways," from multi- "many" + -fariam "parts," perhaps from fas "utterance, expression, manifestation," related to fari "to speak"

  13. obsolete Connotation: neutral Etymology: 1570s, from L. obsoletus "grown old, worn out," pp. of obsolescere "fall into disuse," probably from ob "away" + solere "to be used to, be accustomed."

  14. omnivorous Connotation: neutral Etymology: 1650s, from L. omnivorus "all-devouring," from omni "all" + vorare "devour, swallow"

  15. parsimonious Connotation: negative Etymology: early 15c., from L. parsimonia "sparingness, frugality," from parcere "to spare, save" + -monia, suffix signifying action or condition.

  16. quandary Connotation: neutral Etymology: 1579, "state of perplexity," of unknown origin, perhaps a quasi-Latinism based on L. quando "when."

  17. recalcitrant Connotation: negative Etymology:(17c.-18c.), pp. of recalcitrare "to kick back," from re- "back" + L. calcitrare "to kick," from calx "heel."

  18. reprisal Connotation: neutral Etymology: from early It. ripresaglia, from ripreso, pp. of riprendere "take back"

  19. revel Connotation: positive Etymology: c.1300, "riotous merry-making," from O.Fr. revel, from reveler "be disorderly, make merry," from L. rebellare "to rebel"

  20. stultify Connotation: negative Etymology: 1766, "allege to be of unsound mind" (legal term), from L.L. stultificare "turn into foolishness," from L. stultus "foolish" + root of facere "to make"

  21. suave Connotation: positive Etymology: c.1501, "gracious, kindly," from M.Fr. suave, from L. suavis "agreeable"

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