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Contraceptives

Contraceptives. A lesson in safe sexual relationships. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES. Contraceptive Patch. Acts very similarly to the pill; however, this beige patch releases hormones of estrogen and progestin into the bloodstream. ADVANTAGES: Highly effective (99%)

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Contraceptives

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  1. Contraceptives A lesson in safe sexual relationships

  2. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

  3. Contraceptive Patch Acts very similarly to the pill; however, this beige patch releases hormones of estrogen and progestin into the bloodstream ADVANTAGES: • Highly effective (99%) • Can place the patch almost anywhere • Only change once a week • It sticks 98% of the time DISADVANTAGES: • Cannot be removed for more than 7 days • MUST be changed on “Patch change day” • Should be applied to clean/dry skin. • Do not use any body products near the patch or where you’ll be applying it • Doesn’t protect against STI’s

  4. Oral Contraceptive Pill Also known as birth control; it prevents the ovary from releasing an egg, and is taken in conjunction with placebo pills ADVANTAGES: • Highly effective (99%) • Reversible • Ease the menstrual cycle • Also help in skin and hair problems • Aid in PMS and menstrual migraines DISADVANTAGES: • Adverse effects • Blood clots • Does not protect against STI’s • Effectiveness can be reduced • Must be taken everyday; same time

  5. Vaginal Ring It is a soft & flexible ring; is inserted into a woman’s vagina manually and releases preventative hormones; works like the pill; 99% effective ADVANTAGES: • Actually considered comfortable as it doesn’t need to be place in any specific way once inside to be effective • Kept in for three weeks straight and removed for one week for menstrual cycle DISADVANTAGES: • Adverse hormonal side effects • Increase in vaginal secretion • Blood clots • Cannot forget to remove after three weeks • Might not be able to use it during breastfeeding

  6. Other hormonal contraceptive options... Injectable contraception (99% effectiveness) • Injected only with progestin, not estrogen • Can be used during breastfeeding • Needed only every 13 to 14 weeks • Usage of 2 or more years can cause bone loss • Causes minor weight gain • Fertility may not return for 6 to 8 months after stopping the medicine And... Intrauterine Contraception (IUC)

  7. DEVICE-BASED NON-HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES

  8. Female Condom ADVANTAGES: • Highly effective (95%) • Prevents sexually transmitted diseases • Available without prescription • Does not effective future fertility DISADVANTAGES: • Noticeable during sex • Sometimes difficult to insert or use • Can break or leak • More expensive than a male condom (3x) • Can only be used once

  9. Sponge ADVANTAGES: • 91% effective • Easy to use • Small and inexpensive • Widely available • Upto 24 hours of protection DISADVANTAGES: • Is said to have a numbing effect • Can only be used once • Can be difficult to remove • May increase urinary track infection or cause vaginal inflammation • Does not protect against STI’s

  10. Spermicides ADVANTAGES: • Highly effective when used with other contraceptives (upto 97%) • Kills sperm on contact • Easy to use • Widely available DISADVANTAGES: • Must be used with other contraceptives to be effective (70% when used alone) • Does not prevent STI’s • Must discontinue if slight irritation or genital tissue tear occurs • You should avoid spermicides with nonoxynol-9

  11. DISADVANTAGES: • Take you some time to get used to it • Rubber can causes irritation • Should NOT be left in for 24 hours; risk of an allergic reaction or toxic shock syndrome. • May need to change brand or size if you gain weight • You need to reapply spermicide for sex that’s more than three hours after you've inserted it Diaphragm ADVANTAGES: • 94% effective • Easy to use • Can be placed hours before sex • Partial protection against STIs.

  12. MOREOVER ... Cervical cap VS Diaphragm

  13. Tubal ligation/occlusion & Vasectomy PERMANENT CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS (SURGICAL)

  14. Finally... EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVES

  15. LINKS: • Birth Control Pill: Side Effects, Effectiveness, How the Pill Works, and Types." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <http://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/birth-control-pills#1>."Advantages and Disadvantages of the Birth Control Shot." Advantages and Disadvantages of the Birth Control Shot | Michigan Medicine. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <http://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/tw9515>. • "Non-Hormonal Contraception." Sex & U. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <http://www.sexandu.ca/contraception/non-hormonal-contraception/>. • "Vaginal Ring." Choosing a Birth Control Method: Vaginal Ring. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <https://www.arhp.org/Publications-and-Resources/Quick-Reference-Guide-for-Clinicians/choosing/Vaginal-Ring>. • "Hormonal Contraception." Sex & U. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2017. <http://www.sexandu.ca/contraception/hormonal-contraception/#tc4>. • "Female Condom - Its Advantages & Disadvantages." Female Condom - Its Advantages & Disadvantages. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017. <http://call-life.com/index.php?content=19&healtharticleid=228>. • "Effectiveness Rate of Birth Control Methods-Topic Overview." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017. <http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/tc/effectiveness-rate-of-birth-control-methods-topic-overview>. • "Advantages and disadvantages of vaginal sponge." Advantages and disadvantages of vaginal sponge. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017.<http://www.yourcontraception.com/birth-control-methods/vaginal-contraception/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-vaginal-sponge.html>. • "The Contraceptive Diaphragm." The Contraceptive Diaphragm - How Does It Work ? | DrEd. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017. <https://www.dred.com/uk/contraceptive-diaphragm.html>. • http://www.yourcontraception.com/birth-control-methods/vaginal-contraception/difference-between-cervical-cap-and-diaphragm.html

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