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Volcanoes Chapter 6

Volcanoes Chapter 6. What are volcanoes?. They are openings in the Earth that erupt gases, ash, and lava. Kilauea – most active volcano in the world. Effects of eruptions: - volcanic ash (global temp.) Lava flows Fires Lahars (mudslides) Acid rain. Formation.

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Volcanoes Chapter 6

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  1. VolcanoesChapter 6

  2. What are volcanoes? • They are openings in the Earth that erupt gases, ash, and lava

  3. Kilauea – most active volcano in the world

  4. Effects of eruptions: - volcanic ash (global temp.) • Lava flows • Fires • Lahars (mudslides) • Acid rain

  5. Formation • Magma is forced upward towards the Earth’s surface (WHY?) • Flows out through openings called VENTS

  6. Where do they occur? • Divergent Plate boundaries Iceland

  7. Convergent plate boundaries Andes Mountains – South America

  8. Hot Spots • The Hawaiian Islands

  9. Types of Eruptions • Based on - amount of water vapor or other gases trapped in magma - Silica content of magma

  10. Quiet Eruptions Basaltic magma Iceland Kilauea

  11. Explosive Eruptions Granitic & Andesitic Magma Mt. St. HelensSoufriere Hills Mt. Pinatubo

  12. Forms of Volcanoes Shield Volcano – quiet eruptions of basaltic magma layering to form broad volcanoes with sloping sides

  13. Cinder Cone – Explosive eruptions of tephra which form steep sided, loosely packed volcanoes

  14. Composite Volcano – A combo of quiet and violent eruptions usually steep

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