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LLR/Interplanetary Session Summary

The LLR Interplanetary Session featured pivotal presentations on lunar laser ranging (LLR) and its applications. Jürgen Müller discussed the importance of choosing appropriate frames for analysis, while Tom Murphy provided updates on the APOLLO campaign, emphasizing precision in lunar orientation. Liliane Biskupek analyzed 38 years of LLR data, revealing differences in Earth orientation parameters. Other talks included innovative plans for lunar reflectors, ranging techniques using LRO, and the potential of interplanetary ranging to enhance our understanding of celestial mechanics.

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LLR/Interplanetary Session Summary

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  1. LLR/Interplanetary Session Summary Jürgen Müller Tom Murphy

  2. LLR/Interplanetary Session • 1 talk in Canberra, 9 talks and 2 posters this year! • Sergei Kopeikin: LLR Formulation • SSB frame ordinarily used in LLR analysis • any frame could be used (e.g., geocenter) • must be careful not to misinterpret gauge-dependent terms as unambiguous physical effects • Tom Murphy: APOLLO • 2 years into campaign • LLR firmly in multi-photon regime • 1-mm level error estimates; no sign of excess scatter • fit to model imperfect, but APOLLO addressing lunar orientation to new degree of precision

  3. LLR/Interplanetary Session • Liliane Biskupek: LLR analysis • using 38-year LLR data to investigate earth orientation parameters (EOP) • some differences in nutation compared to MHB2000 (also seen by Jim Williams) • also looked at daily earth orientation to study UT1 and VOL • Simone Dell’Agnello (for Currie): NG LLR reflectors • plans for sparse lunar reflector array, using large cubes • test new gravity paradigms (e.g., Dvali et al.) • 100 mm cube: careful control of thermal paths • anchor 1m into ground • testing cube at SCF in Frascati

  4. LLR/Interplanetary Session • Jan McGarry: LRO ranging • 28 Hz, sync to PPS, 8 ms earth gate each cycle • 1–10 fJ/cm2 energy density limit • 10–30 sec “real-time” web confirmation of hits • ranging by arrangement, starting June 2009 • Anthony Mallama: LRO requirements • pointing, priority, software mods, timing capability • methods for verifying pointing (~3 arcsec demonstrated) • Chris Clarke: Logistics • predictions (including point-ahead) in CPF format • plan to have weekly schedules

  5. LLR/Interplanetary Session • Jerrry Wiant: MLRS prep for LRO • achieve 1–2 arcsec pointing offset from crater • use Glonass to scan beam and understand divergence • no real hardware changes; almost all software • Randy’s done that • Maria Zuber: interplanetary ranging • can use to understand orbits, rotations, precession, asteroids, J2 of sun, etc. • MESSENGER demo: 24 Mkm 2-way • MOLA 80 Mkm Earth to Mars 1-way • LRO is first planetary S/C with CCR array

  6. LLR/Interplanetary Posters • Wasilla Zerhouni: LLRcelestial pole determination • Tomasz Niedzielski: minimum duration for sea level rise determination • And: Ukrainian frogs (not ducks) say: Quack

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