Industry statistics

1. Business statistics and registers Industry statistics General overview

2. Mining and manufacturing • Mining and manufacturing are the dominant industries in industrial statistics • Notwithstanding fundamental differences, mining and manufacturing also have much in common • They are capital-intensive and operations are predominantly carried out by larger and medium-sized enterprises

3. Mining and quarrying Mining includes: • Extraction of minerals and hydrocarbons occurring naturally as solids (coal and ores), liquids (petroleum) or gases (natural gas) • Supplementary activities aimed at preparing the crude materials for marketing, but only if performed in conjunction with extraction

4. Demarcation of mining and quarrying Mining is Section B of the ISIC rev. 4 • Section B is subdivided into divisions as follows: • Mining of coal and lignite • Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas • Mining of metal ores • Other mining and quarrying • Mining support service activities

5. Demarcation of mining divisions • Mining of coal and lignite includes the extraction of solid mineral fuels and operations leading to a marketable product • Mining of lignite includes mining of brown coal, including operations to improve quality or facilitate transport or storage • Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas includes the production of crude petroleum • Mining of metal ores includes mining and all operations leading to marketable products

6. Mining and quarrying – business structure • Mining and quarrying contribute significantly to GDP • Most mining and quarrying activities are performed by large and medium-sized companies • Therefore, mining is in principle not difficult to measure statistically • However, some mining and quarrying may take place informally and/or illegally

7. Mining and quarrying surveys • Part of standard business survey program • Structural and short-term surveys  • Structural surveys should include the standard items for business surveys, intended to measure production, value added and capital formation • Structural and short-term surveys normally also include information about quantity and values of different minerals and mineral royalties paid

8. Mining – short term surveys • When mining is an important economic activity, data should also be collected monthly or quarterly  • Mineral exploration by mining industries is often also collected • Data include exploration expenditure and metres drilled for offshore and onshore exploration

9. Definitions in mining • Minerals • Hydrocarbons • Exploration • Drilling expenditure • Other exploration expenditure

10. Manufacturing • Manufacturing is defined in section C of the ISIC • The essence of manufacturing is substantive alteration of materials • Units engaged in manufacturing are often described as plants, factories or mills • The output of a manufacturing process may be finished or semi-finished • Manufacture of specialized components and parts of machinery and equipment are classified in the same class as the class for which they are intended • Assembly of the component parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing

11. Demarcation of manufacturing • The manufacturing industries are highly specialized in terms of raw materials used, production techniques and outputs • ISIC Rev. 4 distinguishes many divisions of manufacturing

12. Manufacturing divisions - 1 • Manufacture of food products includes the processing of the products of agriculture, forestry and fishing into food for humans or animals, and includes the production of various intermediate products that are not directly food products

13. Manufacturing divisions - 2 • Manufacture of tobacco products • Manufacture of textiles • Manufacture of synthetic fibers • Manufacture of wearing apparel • Manufacture of leather and related products

14. Manufacturing divisions - 3 • Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork • Manufacture of paper and paper products • Printing • It excludes publishing

15. Manufacturing divisions – 4 • Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products • The dominant process is petroleum refining • This division includes the manufacture of gases such as ethane, propane and butane as products of petroleum refineries, but excludes the manufacture of industrial gases and manufacture of fuel gas, other than petroleum gases • Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products • Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products • Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products

16. Manufacturing divisions - 5 • Manufacture of basic metals • It includes the manufacture of metal alloys and super-alloys by introducing other chemical elements to pure metals • Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

17. Manufacturing divisions - 6 • Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products • Manufacture of electrical equipment • Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. • Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers • Manufacture of other transport equipment

18. Manufacturing divisions - 7 • Manufacture of furniture • Furniture manufacturing is characterized by the use of multiple production processes, largely depending on the material that is being processed • Other manufacturing • Production processes, input materials and produced goods can vary widely • This division includes manufacture of jewelry, bijouterie and related products, musical instruments, sports goods, games and toys and medical and dental instruments

19. Other parts of the industrial sector • In addition to mining and manufacturing ‘utilities’ (sections D and E of ISIC) are also part of the industrial sector • Section D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply includes economic activities providing electric power, natural gas, steam, hot water and the like through a permanent infrastructure (network) of lines, mains and pipes • Section E Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities includes activities related to the management of waste • Activities of water supply are also grouped in this section

20. Industrial statistics • International recommendations are that countries as a minimum compile the following industrial statistics:  • Commodity production statistics; statistics about the production of goods by value and volume • General industry statistics, containing some basic variables about numbers of units, output, employment and capital formation • Indices of industrial production, describing development of industrial production over time