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CREATION OF THE UNITED STATES CH. 6, 6.1, 6.2, GPS #5

CREATION OF THE UNITED STATES CH. 6, 6.1, 6.2, GPS #5. SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the United States Constitution.

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CREATION OF THE UNITED STATES CH. 6, 6.1, 6.2, GPS #5

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  1. CREATION OF THE UNITED STATESCH. 6, 6.1, 6.2, GPS #5 • SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the United States Constitution. • e. Explain the importance of the Presidencies of George Washington and John Adams; include the Whiskey Rebellion, non-intervention in Europe, and the development of political parties (Alexander Hamilton).

  2. 1.FirstPresident of the United States of America (1789–1797) 2.Established pattern 3.Historical events related to govt occurred 4.Favored non-intervention in Europe 5.Avoided siding with FR against GB 6.US persuaded GB to forgive war debts and to trade…booming trade 7.JUDICIARY ACT OF 1789, EST. COURT SYSTEM OF USA 8.FIRST CABINET PRESIDENCY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON

  3. DEPARTMENT OF STATE DEPARTMENT OF WAR DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY ATTORNEY GENERAL THOMAS JEFFERSON HENRY KNOX ALEXANDER HAMILTON EDMUND RANDOLPH WASHINGTON’S CABINET(ADVISORS)

  4. WASHINGTON’S PRESIDENCY, WHISKEY REBELLION • 1. The Whiskey Rebellion, less commonly known as the Whiskey Insurrection, was a popular uprising that had its beginnings in 1791 and culminated in an insurrection in 1794 in the locality of Washington, Pennsylvania. The rebellion was the result of tax imposed on whiskey. The rebellion occurred shortly after the Articles of Confederation had been replaced by a stronger federal government under the American Constitution in 1789. • 2.The new govt, the USC, Pres. Washington, assumed the states’ debts. To pay the debt, Congress passed a tax (EXCISE TAX-TAX ON PRODUCT PRODUCED) on whiskey. • 3. The unrest spread. • 4. Washington led federal troops and ended rebellion. • 5. IMPORTANCE: Washington used USC authority to enforce law. If Americans did not like law, petition Congress peacefully for change.

  5. Whiskey Rebellion, 1791-94

  6. WASHINGTON’S PRESIDENCY, FORMATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES • 1. WASHINGTON’S APPOINTMENTS OF JEFFERSON AND HAMILTON LED TO DIFFERING OPINIONS ABOUT GOVERNMENT POWER. • 2.WASHINGTON WARNED ABOUT THE FORMATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES. • 3.SEE HAND OUT COMPARISON OF HAMILTON AND JEFFERSON, WHICH RESULTED IN POLITICAL PARTIES • 4.FIRST POLITICAL PARTIES…

  7. DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS JEFFERSON 1.LIMITED GOVT POWER TO AREAS DESCRIBED BY USC FEDERALISTS HAMILTON 1.EXPAND POWER OF GOVT TO STABLIZE NATION AND ECONOMY FACTIONS (POLITICAL PARTIES)

  8. 1. John Adams (October 30, 1735  – July 4, 1826) was an American politician and the secondPresident of the United States (1797–1801), after being the firstVice President (1789–1797) for two terms. He is regarded as one of the most influential Founding Fathers of the United States. 2. Set patterns like G.W. 3.1ST Term, 1797-1801 4.Problems with France and fear of French 5.Results: U.S. Congress passed…with Federalists support 1)Alien and Sedition Acts, 1-3, Raised requirements for American citizenship 4, Sedition Act, set fines and jail time for persons critical of U.S. govt THE PRESIDENCY OF JOHN ADAMS

  9. 5.T. Jefferson and J. Madison’s view: VIOLATION OF 1ST AMENDENT • 6. RESULT: NEW IDEA, CONCEPT, STATES’ RIGHTS, OR NULLIFICATION, STATES COULD REFUSE TO ENFORCE FEDERAL LAWS WITH WHICH STATES DID NOT AGREE

  10. UNIT 4: EARLY EXPANSION, CHS. 6-8 • RECALL PREVIOUS UNITS • THEMES • EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT • CREATION OF THE UNITED STATES

  11. EARLY EXPANSION • SSUSH6 The student will analyze the nature of territorial and population growth and the impact of this growth in the early decades of the new nation. • a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of Americans, and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states. • b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark. • c. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and the war’s significance on the development of a national identity. • d. Describe the construction of the Erie Canal, the rise of New York City, and the development of the nation’s infrastructure. • e. Describe the reasons for and importance of the Monroe Doctrine.

  12. EARLY EXPANSION, THEMES • In this unit student will analyze territorial and population expansion, economic growth, and the impact of these elements on the local, regional, and national levels in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century. The themes of conflict and change, beliefs and ideals, and movement and migration, will be used prominently in this unit to help students understand how Americans found themselves on the brink of a new frontier. Individuals, groups and institutions, along with technological innovations, will give students a frame of reference to understand the sweeping changes that were beginning to take place in regards to changes in the economy and westward movement.

  13. EARLY EXPANSION • THOUGHTS, EXPANSION OF THE UNITED STATES • MAP REVIEW • AFTER USC RATIFICATION, USA INCREASED IN SIZE AND POPULATION RESULTING IN INTERACTIONS WITH OTHER NATIONS AND PEOPLE.

  14. EARLY EXPANSION, THE NORTHWEST ORDINANCE • 1.1ST TERRITORY OF USA, NORTHWEST TERRITORY • 2.CREATED BY THE NORTHWEST ORDINANCE (LAW), 1787

  15. NORTHWEST ORDINANCE • The Northwest Ordinance was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States. The Ordinance unanimously passed on July 13, 1787. The primary effect of the ordinance was the creation of the Northwest Territory as the first organized territory of the United States out of the region south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River.

  16. NORTHWESTORDINANCE • 1.USA, WEST EXPANSION • 2.NEW STATES IN THE UNION, NOT OLD STATES’ EXPANSION • 3.BANNED SLAVERY • 4.OHIO RIVER, DIVIDING LINE BETWEEN SLAVE AND FREE REGIONS • 5.ESTABLISHED PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN NORTHWEST TERRITORY

  17. LOUISANA PURCHASE, 1803 • 1. USA PRES., T. JEFFERSON • 2. PURCHASED FROM NAPOLEON OF FRANCE, INCL. PORT OF NEW ORLEANS, FOR 15 MIL • 3. MUCH LAND WEST OF MISS. RIVER • 4. USA DOUBLED GEOGRAPHIC SIZE

  18. LOUISANA PURCHASE • Napoleon Bonaparte, upon completion of the agreement, stated, "This accession of territory affirms forever the power of the United States, and I have given England a maritime rival who sooner or later will humble her pride."

  19. EXPLORATION OF LOUISANA TERRITORY • 1. LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION, The Lewis and Clark Expedition (1803–1806), headed by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, was the first American overland expedition to the Pacific coast and back.

  20. WAR OF 1812, USA V. UK (GB) • CAUSES • 1. US OBJECTED TO INTERFERENCE BY GB IN TRADE WITH FR. • 2. GB’S IMPRESSMENT OF US SAILORS AT SEA (FORCE TO SERVE IN BRITISH NAVY) • 3. US SUSPICIONS GB WAS HELPING NATIVE AMERICANS IN FIGHT AGAINST AMERICANS EXPANSION WEST • 4. US WANTED GB OUT OF N. AMERICA.

  21. RESULTS OF WAR OF 1812 • 1. END FOREVER OF US AND GB HOSTILITY • 2. US MILITARY WAS A FIGHTING FORCE. • 3. INCREASED FEELING OF AMERICAN NATIONALISM • 4. STRONG FEELINGS FOR ONE’S NATION OVER SECTION (SECTIONALISM) OF NATION (NORTH, SOUTH)

  22. EARLY EXPANSION, NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE • 1.INFRASTRUCTURE • 2. Infrastructure can be defined as the basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise. The term typically refers to the technical structures that support a society, such as roads, water supply, power grids, telecommunications, and so forth.

  23. INFRASTRUCTURE • 1.RECALL, USA IS EXPANDING WEST. • 2.RESULT: NEED FOR ROADS, WATERWAYS • 3.CONSTRUCTION BY PRIVATE COMPANIES • 4.MOST WERE TOLL ROADS, TURNPIKES • 5.TOLL USE: ROAD UPKEEP

  24. UNITED STATES, INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM • ESTABLISHED BY PRES. DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER, 1950S

  25. INFRASTRUCTURE • 6.WATERWAYS ALSO CARRIED PEOPLE, PRODUCTS, AND IDEAS WEST.(AS LONG AS THE RIVERS MOVED IN THE SAME DIRECTION AS SETTLERS AND MERCHANTS, TRADERS) • 7.STEAMBOAT INVENTION, UP AND DOWNSTREAM TRAVEL • 8.CANALS WERE BUILT, MAINLY FOR BARGES AND NOT STEAMBOATS

  26. ERIE CANAL, 1825 • 1.CONNECTED GREAT LAKES WITH ATLANTIC OCEAN • 2. IMMIGRANT LABOR • 3. 363 MILES FROM LAKE ERIE TO HUDSON RIVER TO ATLANTIC OCEAN AT NYC • 4. TURNPIKE FOR BARGES WHERE ROADS COULD NOT BE BUILT • 5. LOWERED TRANSPORTATION COSTS • 6. RESULT: SETTLEMENT OF W. NY AND CONNTECTED NEW REGIONS WITH ATLANTIC STATES

  27. ERIE CANAL

  28. RISE OF NEW YORK CITY • 1.UNTIL 1790, NYC WAS CAPITAL OF THE USA • 2.CAPITAL CITY WAS MOVED SOUTH TO WASHINGTON, D.C., BY A. HAMILTON, FOR SUPPORT OF NATIONAL BANK • 3.EARLY 1800S, ECO, TRADE CENTER MADE BETTER BY ERIE CANAL • 4.NYC LINKED ATLANTIC (WORLD TRADE) WITH CENTRAL, MID-WEST USA, AND FARMS • 5.WORLD’S FINANCIAL LEADER

  29. EARLY EXPANSION AND FOREIGN POLICY • THE MONROE DOCTRINE (M.D.), 1823 • 1.PRES. JAMES MONROE • 2.WARNED EUROPEAN NATIONS TO STAY OUT OF AFFAIRS OF WESTERN HEMISPHERE, N. AND S. AMERICA • 3.USA WOULD BE NEUTRAL IN WARS BETWEEN EUROPEAN NATIONS AND THEIR AMERICAN COLONIES, BUT, IF BATTLES OCCURRED IN NEW WORLD, USA WOULD VIEW AS HOSTILE ACTIONS AGAINST USA. • 4.SUMMARY: THE M.D. IS OBSERVED TODAY.

  30. W. HEMISPHERE (NEW WORLD) E. HEMISPHERE (OLD WORLD) MONROE DOCTRINE

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