Tobacco Products

1. Tobacco Products

2. Show “THE TOTALLY GROSS OUT TOBACCO MOVIE”

3. WHAT IN A CIGARETTE? IN ADDITION TO THE VERY ADDICTIVE NICOTINE, CIGARETTES CONTAIN: Arsenic: Use to be used in rat poison, but was determined to be in human way to kill rats Acetic Acid: Hair dye and developer Acetone: Main ingredient in paint and nail polish remover Ammonia: A typical household cleaner Benzene: Rubber cement Cadmium: Found in batteries and artists' oil paint Carbon Monoxide: Poison admitted from a car Formaldehyde: Used to embalm dead bodies Hydrazine: Used in jet and rocket fuel Hydrogen Cyanide: Poison in gas chambers Naphthalene: Used in explosives, mothballs, and paint pigments Nickel: Used in the process of electroplating Phenol: Used in disinfectants and plastics Polonium: Radiation dosage, equal to 300 chest X-rays in one year Styrene: Found in insulation material Toluene: Embalmers glue Vinyl Chloride: Ingredient found in garbage bags Cigarette smoke contains over 4,000 TOXIC substances, many of which are known to cause cancer in humans. These toxic ingredients don't just harm the smoker. Nonsmokers exposed to second-hand smoke have in their body fluids, significant amounts of nicotine, carbon monoxide and other evidence of second-hand smoke exposure

4. TOBACCO HORRORS These facts may sound like they're from a science fiction movie, but all of them are 100 percent true! 1 Cigarettes contain 4,000 chemicals, including 200 chemicals that are known poisons. 2. Nicotine is twice as addictive as heroin. 3. Cigarettes are so poisonous that if you ate an entire pack, it could kill you. Cigarette smoke fills the blood with carbon monoxide, the same poisonous fumes that come out of a car's exhaust pipe. 5. Cigarettes contain 43 ingredients that are known to cause cancer. 6. Each year in the United States, smoking causes over five million years of lost life. 7. Cigarettes contain arsenic, or rat poison. 8. Nicotine is so poisonous that it has been outlawed for use in many bug and weed killers. Second-hand smoke fills the air with many of the same poisonous fumes found in a toxic waste dump. 1 0. Each year in the United States, smoking kills more people than AIDS, alcohol, drug abuse; cat crashes, murder, suicides, and fires...combined. 1 1 The average pack-a-day smoker inhales seven pounds of tar during his or her lifetime. 1 2. Teenagers who smoke produce phlegm more than twice as often as nonsmoking teenagers. 1 3. In a crowded restaurant, second-hand smoke can produce six times more pollution than a busy highway.

5. Consequences of Tobacco Use Directions: Complete the following statements using the answers provided in the box. (Match each answer with a question.) On page 2 list any additional consequences that were discussed in class or that you can think of The addicting drug in tobacco is __________________________________________. Having a habit you can't control is called _______________________________________. When a person has to use more and more tobacco to feel the same effects, this is called _________________________________. If users can't get tobacco, they will feel bad and have ____________________________ symptoms such as headaches or nervousness. A consequence is ______________________________________________. The following is a list of some of the consequences of smoking and chewing tobacco. Put "S" beside any that are caused by smoking. Put "C" beside any that are caused by chewing. Put "S 8c C" beside any that are caused by both. mouth sores ____________________________ death _____________________________ bad breath ______________________________ coughing ___________________________ shortness of breath _______________________ addiction __________________________ smelly hair ______________________________ bleeding gums ______________________ lung cancer _____________________________ leukoplakia _________________________ emphysema ____________________________ oral cancer __________________________ heart disease ____________________________ tongue cancer ________________________ stroke __________________________________ yellow teeth _________________________ costs a lot of money _______________________ smelly clothes _______________________ Answers: a result of something you do ● Addiction ● Nicotine ● Tolerance ● Withdrawal

6. SECOND HAND SMOKE ➢ Second hand smoke is the third leading cause of preventable death, behind active smoking and alcohol use. ➢ Second hand smoke is a lung carcinogen, responsible for approximately 3,000 lung cancer deaths annually in U.S. NONSMOKERS. ➢ Second hand smoke causes an increased risk of lower respiratory tract infections, such as bronchitis and pneumonia. ➢ In children (birth to 18 months), second hand smoke is associated with... • nearly 300,000 cases of bronchitis and pneumonia each year, resulting in 7,500-15,000 hospitalizations a year, • twice the risk of bronchitis and pneumonia, • prevalence of fluid in the middle ear, indicating middle ear disease and infection, • a small, but significant reduction in lung function, and • 8,000-26,000 new cases of asthma annually, which may result from parents who smoke at least 10 cigarettes a day.

7. THE LIFE OF A SMOKER Lung cancer may sound like a possibility that is years away. The truth is, cancer is a slow process that begins many years before symptoms are noticed. Take a look at the typical case below. Age 14: Carl smokes-his first cigarette. As the smoke passes through his lungs, it leaves behind a sticky tar. The tar contains dozens of cancer-causing chemicals. Age 15: During summer vacation, Carl starts smoking every day. Each cigarette damages some of the cells in Carl's lungs. Age-18: Carl goes to college. He now smokes a pack of cigarettes a day. Many of the cilia in his lungs have been damaged or destroyed. Since they cannot keep dirt and smoke particles out of his lungs, Carl must cough to clear his chest. Age 22: Carl has a "smoker's hack." Every morning, he spends about five minutes coughing up phlegm. Age 25: Carl switches to a "light" cigarette-brand-with less-nicotine. Since his body knows it is getting less of the drug, it tells him to smoke more cigarettes. Carl starts smoking two packs a day. This is what the tobacco company had in mind all along. Age 26: A single cell in Carl's lungs becomes damaged by a chemical in a puff of cigarette smoke. The cell's DNA gets confused and sends out a message for more of these damaged cells to be made. Luckily, one of Carl's white blood cells eats the damaged cell before it can be replicated. Age 29: Carl gets married. He doesn't know it, but another cell has been changed, or mutated, by cigarette smoke. It has a weird shape, an enlarged nucleus, and too many chromosomes. It is a cancer cell, and it begins to divide quickly. Age 32: The cancer cells have formed a small clump in Carl's left lung. They begin to squeeze out normal lung cells. Soon, they invade the normal cells and begin to destroy them. Carl still has no symptoms. Age 37: Carl now has two kids and a job he really likes. The cancer is still confined to a small part of his Tung, where it could be successfully treated. The -problem is, Carl's only symptom is a lingering cough, something he has lived with for many years. He doesn't think about going to the doctor. Age 42: Carl begins to feel tired, another major warning sign of lung cancer. He thinks he is just working too hard. Age 46: The cancer spreads to nearby lymph nodes, which -carry fluid (and cancer cells) throughout the body. Age 47: After he complains about a pain in his chest, Carl's wife tells him to go to the doctor. An X-ray finds that the cancer has spread to Carl's neck and chest wall. Like many lung cancer patients, he has only a ten percent chance of surviving five years.

8. What’s in Tobacco Smoke Tobacco smoke contains more than 4,00 0 chemicals, many of which are toxic to the body. Several of these chemicals at least 60 are carcinogens, which means that they have been proven to cause cancer in humans. Following are some of the chemicals found in tobacco smoke and examples of other substances in which they are commonly found: Naphthalene Nitrobenzene mothball chemical gasoline additive Arsenic Cadmium Poison Component in batteries Butane Nitrous Oxide Cigarette lighter fluid Disinfectant Mercury DDT Found in Thermometers insecticide banned in most Western industrialized nations

9. Nicotine Truths Smokers are controlled by the ups and downs of nicotine. To find out why, check out the puzzle below. If a sentence is true, circle the letter in the T colum. If the sentence is false, circle the letter in the F colum. Place the circled letters in the blanks below to answer the question. Why are smokers so trapped by nicotine? _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ____ ____ ____ ____

10. IF YOU STOP SMOKING YOUR BODY WILL RECOVER... Within ... • 20 minutes Your blood pressure, pulse rate, and the temperature of your hands and feet will all return to normal. • 8 hours Remaining nicotine in your bloodstream will have fallen to 6.25% of normal peak daily levels, a 93.25% reduction. • 12 hours Your blood oxygen level will have increased to normal and carbon monoxide levels will have dropped to normal. • 24 hours Anxieties peak in intensity and within two weeks should return to near pre-cessation levels. • 48 hours Damaged nerve endings have started to regrow and your sense of smell and taste are beginning to return to normal. Cessation anger and irritability peaks. • 72 hours Your entire body will test 100% nicotine-free and over 90% of all nicotine metabolites (the chemicals it breaks down into) will now have passed from your body via your urine. Symptoms of chemical withdrawal have peaked in intensity, including restlessness. The number of cue induced crave episodes experienced during any quitting day will peak for the "average" ex- user. Lung bronchial tubes leading to air sacs (alveoli) are beginning to relax in recovering smokers. Breathing is becoming easier and the lungs functional abilities are starting to increase. • 5 - 8 days The "average" ex-smoker will encounter an "average" of three cue induced crave episodes per day. Although we may not be "average" and although serious cessation time distortion can make minutes feel like hours, it is unlikely that any single episode will last longer than 3 minutes. Keep a clock handy and time them.

11. • 10 days 10 days - The "average ex-user is down to encountering less than two crave episodes per day, each less than 3 minutes. • 10 days to 2 weeks Recovery has likely progressed to the point where your addiction is no longer doing the talking. Blood circulation in our gums and teeth are now similar to that of a non-user. • 2 to 4 weeks Cessation related anger, anxiety, difficulty concentrating, impatience, insomnia, restlessness and depression have ended. If still experiencing any of these symptoms get seen and evaluated by your physician. • 21 days Brian acetylcholine receptor counts up-reuglated in response to nicotine’s presence have now down-regulated and receptor binding had returned to levels seen in and evaluated by your physician • 2 weeks to 3 months Your heart attack risk has started to drop. Your lung function is beginning to improve. • 3 weeks to 3 months Your circulation has substantially improved. Walking has become easier. Your chronic cough, if any, has likely disappeared. • 1 to 9 months Any smoking related sinus congestion, fatigue or shortness of breath have decreased. Cilia have regrown in your lungs thereby increasing their ability to handle mucus, keep your lungs clean, and reduce infections. Your body's overall energy has increased. • 1 year Your excess risk of coronary heart disease, heart attack and stroke has dropped to less than half that of a smoker. • 5 to 15 years Your risk of stroke has declined to that of a non-smoker. • 10 years Your risk of being diagnosed with lung cancer is between 30% and 50% of that for a continuing smoker (2005 study). Risk of death from lung cancer has declined by almost half if you were an average smoker (one pack per day). Your risk of pancreatic cancer has declined to that of a never-smoker (2011 study), while risk of cancer of the mouth, throat and esophagus has also declined.

12. • 13 years Your risk of smoking induced tooth loss has declined to that of a never-smoker (2006 study). • 15 year Your risk of coronary heart disease is now that of a person who has never smoked. • 20 years Female excess risk of death from all smoking related causes, including lung disease and cancer, has now reduced to that of a never-smoker (2008 study).

13. E-Cigarette, Water Vapor Cigarette, Electric Cigarette

14. Electronic Cigarettes First popularized as a safer way of nicotine intake. While Electronic. Cigarette consumption is safer than having actual cigarettes filled with tobacco, they are not really a total safe option. Electronic Cigarettes are found to contain an anti-freeze component known as Diethylene Glycol. It is toxic to humans and can cause health worries on inhalation. This is one of the major Electronic Cigarette side effects. E-cigarettes also contain cancer-causing compounds like nitrosamines. If the cigarette accidentally breaks, humans may be exposed to such harmful components. E-cigarettes also consist of Tetramethylpyrazine, prolonged exposure to Tetramethylpyrazine can result in brain damage in human beings. Nicotine: Health experts argue that electronic cigarettes contain nicotine, the basic element found in cigarettes. In an electronic cigarette liquid nicotine is used. Nicotine is an alkaloid medicine that is harmful for humans. A long drag on the cigarette can make you actually suck some of the liquid nicotine into your mouth. This can be very damaging for health. You have to drag the cigarette slowly for 3-5 seconds, which is not always possible to be careful about. Do Electronic Cigarettes cause Cancer? People often worry whether Electronic Cigarettes give rise to cancer. In electronic cigarette nicotine, flavourings and many other harmful chemicals are used that may have cancerous effects on the body. Studies still need to be conducted to see what the full health risk will be. Electronic Cigarette and Risks for Heart Electronic cigarette cartridges contain nicotine which can cause heart ailments. Cartridges containing even traces of nicotine can be risky for the health of your heart. The risk can be reduced only by using Electronic Cigarette no nicotine cartridges. Is Electronic Cigarette Good For You? It is a fact that no electronic cigarette company is endorsed by any health organization. This is the reason why there has been an effective Electronic Cigarette ban in a number of countries like Canada. While Electronic Cigarettes are less dangerous compared to real cigarettes, they are still a threat to smokers. For an effective removal of smoking habit, it is best to give up smoking completely.

15. Bad Marketing The marketing strategy of e-cigarettes has also come under criticism. Many electronic cigarette brands are being found to offer e-cigarettes in various flavours like mint, orange and chocolate. This can entice smokers as well as nonsmokers. This actually promotes smoking rather than curbing it. Some electronic cigarette juices have caramel and strawberry flavourings that may attract children into smoking.

16. Dissolvable  OLD Packaging NEW Packaging 

18. Dissolvable Tobacco Products • • Orbs • A pellet or tablet that looks like a breath mint • Lasts about 15 minutes • Flavors: mellow (original) & fresh (mint) • • Strips • An opaque strip similar to Listerine brand breath-freshening strips • Lasts about 3 minutes • Flavor: fresh (mint) • • Sticks • A toothpick-like stick that can be broken into pieces or placed in the mouth whole • Lasts about 10 minutes • Flavor: mellow (original) • Health Concerns • Dissolvable products may contain up to three times the amount of nicotine found in one cigarette. • A cigarette smoker typically takes in about 1 milligram of nicotine. • Camel Dissolvables are said to deliver about 0.6 to 3.1 milligrams of nicotine each. • Smokers who use these products may get a higher dose of nicotine than they are used to. • The high nicotine content combined with the nature of the products and the ease of use is a potentially deadly combination. • For example, users may be tempted to ingest multiple Orbs at one time, like they would "tic tacs" or any other • breath mints. • Dissolvable tobacco is not a safe alternate to cigarettes. • These products are likely to appeal to children and adolescents because they are flavored and packaged like candy or "tic tacs", and are easy to conceal (at school, at home, and in public places). • They are labeled with the Camel brand and logo, which is already one of the three top selling brands with underage smokers. • While these products are sold in "child-resistant" packaging, their resemblance to candy and breathe mint strips and the likelihood that adults will carry the small packages in their pockets or leave them in other unsecured places, means that children may have easy access to them.

19. …also known as a water pipe. It is a single-or multi-stemmed instrument for vaporizing and smoking flavored tobacco in which the vapor or smoke is passed through a water basin (often glass-based) before inhalation. Depending on the placement of the coal a hookah can be used to produce smoke by burning or used to create water vapor by melting it at a lower temperature

20. 1 Hookah session involves inhaling 100x to 200x the volume of smoke inhaled in 1 cigarette Cigarettes take about 5 minutes to smoke=about 10 puffs=500 mil/1 liter of smoke Hookah takes about 45 minutes to smoke=about 100 puffs=1 cigarette per puff