Biochips

1. Biochips Using Biochips as an Alternative to Current Biometric Identification Techniques December 16, 2006 Team 2 Members John Casarella Dave Fronckowiak Larry Immohr Sandy Westcott

2. Outline • Introduction • What are biochips? • Statement of the problem • Relevance of the work • Research questions • Relevance of the Work • Research Questions • Relevance of the Research in the context of other work • Methodology • Discussion of Expectations • Conclusion

3. Introduction • What are biochips? • Biochips are a family of products that form a technology platform • Biochips include: • Implanted RFID devices the size of a grain of rice for identification also known as implant chips. • Microarray devices also known as protein chips. • Brain chip devices which can record neural signals. • Porous silicon which can be used to produce devices which can replace damaged tissue.

4. Introduction (cont.) • Statement of the problem • Many forms of biometrics can produce false rejects due to normal variations such as aging or physical ailments. • Therefore, a simple, effective, and alternate biometric identification method is needed.

5. Relevance of the Work • Relevance of the work • Many forms of biometrics can produce false rejects due to normal variations • Having a cold • Aging • Weight gain or loss • The use of DNA in a simple test may be an alternate identification technique • Combine the protein chip and the implant chip with the addition of a password or PIN to create a three layer security scheme. • Something you know (PIN) • Something you are (DNA) • Something you have (Implant chip)

6. Research Questions • Can the combination of protein and implant chips be used for identification purposes? • How do biochips compare to biometrics with respect to ease of use, timeliness of results, and reliability over time? • What are the database implications of using such a technology? • What are the ethical implications of using a person’s DNA sample to verify their identity? • What are the social and privacy implications? • Is this capability technically possible today? • Would the cost of implementation be prohibitive?

7. Relevance of the Research in the Context of other Work • Advantages of this type of system: • Easy sample prep and standard protocol • Portable biochip reader • Automated software for identifying and reporting • Tailoring of biochips to meet individual needs • Resolution of thousands of diagnostic tests • Disadvantages of this type of system: • Time to complete identification process • Ethical issues when storing personal traits • Database management and search

8. Methodology • Review the current biochip applications • Develop a prototype design of the biochip identification system based upon the Argonne National Laboratories protein chip reader. • Survey experts on the use of protein chips for individual identification for security purposes.

9. Discussion and Expectations • Specialized protein chips may be used to test DNA samples as a form of identification. • This technology may be used alone or in conjunction with implanted chips to produce a highly effective security solution. • Through this research, it is believed that the use of protein chips will be a feasible alternative to current biometric identification techniques.

10. Conclusions • Biochips are one of the latest emerging technologies. • The use of biochips may pose an alternative to biometric identification. • As mentioned in the “Guide to Biometrics”, DNA identification is the ultimate biometric.