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The Green Revolution. Objectives. By the time you finish this lesson you should be able to: Describe the Green Revolution in India Explain the reasons why it was needed Describe some of its positive and negative effects Predict similar causes and effects in other regions. Vocabulary 1.
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Objectives • By the time you finish this lesson you should be able to: • Describe the Green Revolution in India • Explain the reasons why it was needed • Describe some of its positive and negative effects • Predict similar causes and effects in other regions
Vocabulary 1 • Food Security – a condition related to the ongoing availability of food • People who are “food secure” do not live in hunger or fear of starvation • Countries that are “food secure” have access to enough food to feed their citizens • Food security is the root of the Green Revolution
Vocabulary 2 • High-Yield Variety (HYV) – a hybrid plant that produces more than normal • Dwarf and Semi-Dwarf varieties – plants that are smaller than normal varieties • Smaller plants take up less space, so more can be planted in the same area • Hybrid varieties do not breed true – they must usually be planted from new seed each season
Vocabulary 3 • Subsistence Agriculture - farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their families
History • The “Green Revolution” began in Mexico • Norman Borlaug developed and introduced high-yield varieties of wheat in Mexico during the 1940s and 1950s. • Mexico became a net exporter of wheat (it produced more than it used) by 1963. • Borlaug was invited to India and Pakistan to share his methods with South Asian farmers
The Problems 1 • More than 60 million people died in famines during the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries in India • 4 million died in the 1943 Bengal famine • In large part, these famines were caused by poor harvests due to abnormal monsoons • The 1943 Bengal famine was made worse by the Japanese occupation of Burma in WWII, which normally supplied rice to the Bengal province
The Problems 2 • In simpler terms, India has historically had problems producing enough food to feed its population • These problems have typically involved • Poor monsoons (we have gone over this) • Poor agricultural practices (today’s lesson) • Inefficient distribution (mostly fixed)
