1 / 34

Plant Diseases and Insect Pests

Plant Diseases and Insect Pests. Disease - any kind of injurious abnormality Physiological (environment) Other living organisms (pathogens) Pathogen - biological agent that causes the injury Insects Bacteria Fungi Viruses Nematodes Miscellaneous. Plant Diseases and Insect Pests.

Download Presentation

Plant Diseases and Insect Pests

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Plant Diseases and Insect Pests • Disease - any kind of injurious abnormality • Physiological (environment) • Other living organisms (pathogens) • Pathogen - biological agent that causes the injury • Insects • Bacteria • Fungi • Viruses • Nematodes • Miscellaneous

  2. Plant Diseases and Insect Pests • Parasite - an organism that derives nourishment from another living organism • Host - an organism that provides nourishment to another • Obligate parasite - organism that can only survive on the living host • Host range - list of several different plants that some parasites can feed off of

  3. Plant Diseases and Insect Pests • Bacteria - one-celled organisms that enter through wounds and cause rot • Fungi - multi-celled organisms that either are saprophytes or parasites. Ex: molds, mildew. Cause decay of plants

  4. Bacterial rot/wilt

  5. Fireblight on an apple

  6. Bacterial disease control? • Start with clean pots & potting media & tools • Start with clean seed or healthy transplants • Use drip irrigation or water in the morning so the extra water on the surface of the leaves evaporates by evening • Antibiotics now exist for injecting into trees but treatment is costly and the effects temporary. There are no antibiotic spray treatments.

  7. Fungal rots

  8. Fungus on foliage

  9. Fungal disease control? • Start with clean pots & potting media & tools • Start with clean seed or healthy transplants • Use drip irrigation or water in the morning so the extra water on the surface of the leaves evaporates by evening • Fungicides do exist. They can be used as a liquid drench, spray or powder.

  10. Captan & Thiram = synthetic fungicides

  11. Plant Diseases and Insect Pests • Viruses - infectious particles made-up of nucleic acids (typically RNA in plants) with a protein coat. In the plant cell, the protein coat comes off and the RNA uses the plant cell to reproduce itself. These are obligate parasites.

  12. Virus Tobacco Mosaic Virus

  13. No control methods!

  14. Plant Diseases and Insect Pests • Nematodes- unsegmented worms that feed on roots and create wounds for bacteria and fungi to enter

  15. Nematode damage on tomato

  16. Nematode damage on tomato

  17. Nematode damage on carrot

  18. Foliar nematodes Hosta Zinnia

  19. How Plants are Damaged • Damage by: • Direct feeding • Secretion of toxic substances • Secondary organism enters the wound • Symptom- plant’s response to attack (wilt) • Sign- structures produced by the attacking organism (webs, tunnels, etc.)

  20. Symptom = wilt

  21. Webbing = sign

  22. Spread of Insects and Disease • Diseases and insects are spread to plants by: • Water • Wind • Insects • Animals (including people) Ex: TMV • Machinery • Plants are more susceptible to disease and insect attack when they are stressed (water or temperature)

More Related