
Tools for the . Semantic web. Jim Hendler http://www.mindswap.org. Sem Web: What it’s all about.
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Knowledge representation, as this technology is often called, is currently in a state comparable to that of hypertext before the advent of the web: it is clearly a good idea, and some very nice demonstrations exist, but it has not yet changed the world. It contains the seeds of important applications, but to unleash its full power it must be linked into a single global system.
-- Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the WWW, 2001.
Web page
Any Web Resource
<a href=
URI>
HTML
<a href=“http://…”>
On the Semantic WEB -- links are critical!
URI
URI
URI
RDF is like the web!
RDF
DOC1
<mind:Person rdf:id=“Hendler”>
<mind:title jobs:Professor>
<jobs:placeOfWork http://www.cs.umd.edu>
</mind:Person>
Mind:
Jobs:
Professor
DOC1
Mind:title
Hendler
Jobs:
Web Page
http://www…
Jobs:placeOfWork
<photo> <subject> http://www.w3.org/~timbl </subject> <name> Tim Berners-Lee</name> </name> …</photo>
Xml schema is DOCUMENT checking photo has multiple subject fields photo has one physical location etc.
<photo> <subject> http://www.w3.org/~timbl </subject> <name> Tim Berners-Lee</name> </name> …</photo>
Xml schema is DOCUMENT checking photo has multiple subject fields photo has one physical location etc.
WHICH SAYS NOTHING ABOUT TALKS, SUBJECTS, PEOPLE, EVENTS, etc.
<photo> <subject> http://www.w3.org/~timbl </subject> <name> Tim Berners-Lee</name> </name> …</photo>
The SEMANTICS is inthe links (e.g. to ontologies)!
Event:title
<daml:ObjectProperty rdf:ID="photograph">
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#Picture"/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource= …#person"/>
</daml:ObjectProperty>
Event:WebPage
< > rdf:type photo:Photograph, Photo:File http://…/images#image1, Photo:topic :event1#event:speaker.
Event1 a Event:event; date “May 7-11”, speaker http://…#timbl.html Title “WWW 2002…”
TimBL rdf:type w3c-ont:person; name “Tim Berners-Lee” …
<s:Class rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/swrc-onto-2000-09-10.daml#Conference">
<s:comment>
describes a generic conceptabout events
</s:comment>
<s:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/swrc-onto-2000-09-10.daml#Event"/>
<a:disjointFrom rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/swrc-onto-2000-09-10.daml#Workshop"/>
<a:restrictedBy rdf:resource="http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/swrc-onto-2000-09-10.daml#genid18"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/2001/03/earl/0.95#Person">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2001/03/earl/0.95#Assertor"/>
</rdf:Description>
CV
CV
work
vate
CV
educ
educ
Semantic Web Ontologies are “models”Is like thinking about the Web without the links!!
OtherProfessors
Othertitles
OtherPages
Mind:
Jobs:
Professor
OtherURIs
DOC1
Mind:title
Hendler
Jobs:
Web Page
http://www…
Jobs:placeOfWork
Otherdescriptions
Class, subclass
Property, subproperty
+ Restrictions
Range, domain
Local, global
Existential
Cardinality
+ Combinators
Union, Intersection
Complement
Symmetric, transitive
+ Mapping
Equivalence
Inverse
OWL extends RDF…rdfs:Class rdf:ID="Meeting">
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<daml:Restriction>
<daml:onProperty rdf:resource="#MeetingName"/>
<daml:toClass rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#string"/>
<daml:cardinality>1</daml:cardinality>
</daml:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<daml:Restriction>
<daml:onProperty rdf:resource="#uri"/>
<daml:toClass rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#uriReference"/>
<daml:maxCardinality>1</daml:maxCardinality>
</daml:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<daml:Restriction>
<daml:onProperty rdf:resource="#location"/>
<daml:toClass rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#string"/>
<daml:cardinality>1</daml:cardinality>
</daml:Restriction>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<daml:Restriction>
<daml:onProperty rdf:resource="#Issues" />
<daml:toClass rdf:resource="#Issue" />
<daml:minCardinality>0</daml:minCardinality>
</daml:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
</rdfs:Class>
Personal information created the Web!!!
TBL’s “secret” advice: Start small but viral and you can change many things (July, 02)
Ont
Library
Tell me about your : Important Person Hobby Job
Marked Up Pages
Query
I know about - Scuba shop - Scuba vacation 1 - Scuba vacation 2 - Scuba instructor
classes
Choice
XHTML+OWL
KB
Buy the French version of a book from amazon.fr and have it sent to my mother
Note: No formal justification for any of these - but it worked before!
Maryland Information and Network Dynamics Laboratory
Semantic Web Agents Project
http://www.mindswap.org/
THE