Medical herbs and aromatic plants

1. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) During a long time it was believed that its generic name came from the Latin words ros and marinus, near the sea, which may indicate its habitat near the Mediterranean basil. Nowadays, etymologists believe that its name comes from two Greek words rhos, which means bush and myrinos, meaning the aromatic, inner characteristic of this plant. Its specific name expresses its application as medicinal plant. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

2. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) This plant is typical in the Southern Europe, Mediterranean basil, Northern Africa and Southern Asia. Rosemary is a vivacious plant, it is also lignified. It is a bush with dusky branches, 15-40 mm height, perennial and hastate leaves. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

3. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) Its flowers are arranged in small racemes, its calyx is lignified, blue or lilac. It flowers during March till November. Its fruit is a tetrachene. The parts, which are used, are its dried leaves and flowers. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

4. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) Rosmarinus officinalis L. can be sown in areas up to 1400 m altitude, in tempered climates. It is a broad species, that can be found on different kind of soils, although it prefers the chalky ones. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

5. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) It reproduces through seeds and during its vegetative stage with stakes. 1000 seeds weight 1.038 g. It has a maximum germination percentage of 40 %, 20°C, in 20 days in dark. Stakes should have 15 cm and should be put in in March. Roots develop during the following two months. Its plantation can be done in the next autumn or spring. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

6. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) If the soil is poor, it is recommended to apply some manure, 25 ton/ha. Seed-plotting, in seedbeds or greenhouses, is done during spring. Its germination is irregular, because of its seeds dormancy. To sow 100 m², 4 g seeds are needed. The interval between the rows should be 0.8-1,6 m within the rows, the distance between plants should be 0.5 m. A good plantation density has 15 000-20 000 plants/ha. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

7. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) As rosemary is a typical plant for dry regions, humidity should be considered because it will allow the decrease of its essence. The most regular pests are nematodes, which are responsible for branches' yellowing, thus the plants' death, but the most serious threat for rosmary is frost. There is a parasite (Chrisolina americana L.), which attacks stems and leaves. Rosemary can be associated to cabbages, beans and carrots because it repels cabbage­butterflies, carrot-flies and epilachna. This crop also repels slugs. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

8. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) The first cut is done during 12-18 months after its sowing. Then it is possible to make an annual cut, in the beginning of spring, during flowering stage. When it is used to distillation, or to food industry, it may be harvested in September. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

9. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) Bibliography -Box, M. M. (1973). Cultivo de plantas medicinales.Publicaciones de extesion agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Madrid. 490 pp. ISBN: 84-341-0444-X. -Bustamante, F. M. L. (1993).Plantas medicinales y armáticas. Estúdio, cultivo y procesado. Ediciones Mundiprensa, Madrid. 365 pp -Cantwell M. (2001). Caracteristicas y Condiciones Recomendadas para el Almacenamiento por Tiempo Largo de Frutas y Hortalizas Frescas. 8pp. -Cermeño, Z. S. (1988). Prontuario del horticultor. Litexa Editora. DL: 21326/88. 408pp -Charles, J. S. K. 1995. Effect of intercropping antagonistic crops against nematodes in banana. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences 3(2): 185-187. -Cunha, A. P.; Silva, A. P.; Roque, O. R. (2003). Plantas e Produtos Vegetais em Fitoterapia. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa, pp. 701. ISBN: 972-31-1010-5. -Ferreira, J. C.; Strech, A.; Ribeiro, J. R.; Soeiro, A.; Contrim, G. (1998). Manual de Agricultura Biológica, Fertilização e protecção das plantas para uma agricultura sustentável. AGROBIO. 431 pp. -Gardé A.; Gardé, N. (1988). Culturas Hortícolas. Bova colecção Técnica Agrária, Clássica Editora, 469pp. -Indrio, F. (1995). Agricultura Biológica. Colecção Euroagro, Publicações Europa América 4, 2ª edição. 128pp. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants

10. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) -Maroto, J. V. (1995). Horticultura Herbacea Especial. Ediciones Mundi-Prensa, Madrid, 611 pp. -Panizza, S. (1998). Plantas que curam (cheiro de mato). 18ª edição IBRASA, São Paulo. -Sakai, Z. (2001). Guia ecológico das plantas aromáticas e medicinais. Tilgráfica, S. A. 221 pg. -Thorez, J. P. (1997). Guia de Agricultura Biológica Hortas e Pomares.Livros de vida, editores, Lda. 235 pp. -Volák, J. e Stola, J. (1990). Plantas Medicinais. Editorial Inquérito Portugal 319 pp. Etymology Origin and description of the plant Edaphic requirements Multiplication Seed-plot and Care Harvesting Productions Bibliography Medical herbs and aromatic plants