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Male Reproductive System: Testis and Spermatogenesis Overview

Explore the anatomy of testis, spermatogenesis process, Leydig cells, and duct system in the male reproductive system. Learn about the functions and structures involved in sperm production.

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Male Reproductive System: Testis and Spermatogenesis Overview

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  1. Reproductive system

  2. Male reproductive system. • Female reproductive system.

  3. testis • Genital excurrent ducts • Accessory sex glands • penis

  4. Ductus epididymis Efferent ductule Rete testis Straight tubule Seminiferous tubule bladder prostate Seminal vesicle Bulbourethral gland Ductus deferens Corpus spongiosum Corpus cavernosum epididymis testis Tunica vaginalis

  5. 一、testis • summary • tunica albuginea→septum • lobules of testis • in each lobule, consist of seminiferous tubules. • CT stroma , contains interstitial cells .

  6. Testis& epididymis

  7. （一）seminiferous tubule • seminiferous epithelium • Supporting cells/ sertoli cells • Spermatogenic cells

  8. Seminiferous tubule

  9. Basal lamina spermatogonium Primary spermatocyte Sertoli C spermatid

  10. 1.Spermatogenic cells • spermatogonium • primary spermatocyte • secondary spermatocyte • spermatid • spermatozoa spermatogenesis

  11. （1）spermatogonium • location: closely attach to basal lamina of spermatogenic Epi. • round，organells poorly-developed • differentiate into primary spermatocyte

  12. A型 B型

  13. spermatogonia

  14. （2）primary spermatocyte • attach to the luminal surface of the spermatogonia. • large. • after 1 st meiotic division，produce 2 secondary spermatocyte。

  15. Primary spermatocytes

  16. （3）secondary spermatocyte • Not easy to be seen in section. • After the second meiotic division，form 2 spermatids.

  17. （4）spermatid • adjoining to the lumen. • No division，undergo extensive cell remodeling , as they differentiate into sperm. • this process is called spermiogenesis。

  18. （5）sperm • Shaped pollywog，divide into head sperm & tail sperm。 • head: nucleus+acrosome。 • In acrosome, variant acrosomal enzymes. • tail: motile equipment .

  19. sperm

  20. sperm

  21. 2. supporting C • Sertoli C. • stained lightly，nucleulus is obvious。 • sides with tightly junction. • support , nutrient spermatogenic cells.

  22. Supporting C

  23. Blood-seminiferous tubule barrier： • The structure , prevent large molecular substances exchange between the blood and the seminiferous tubule. • costituents：endothelium & basal lamina of cap. 、CT、basal lamina of spermatogenic epi. And the tight junctions of adjoining supporting C . • Tight - junction is the essential constituent of blood-seminiferous tubule barrier.

  24. （二）interstitial C • Leydig C, In group, large , polygonal, highly eosinophilic . • Steroid-secreting C: elaborate sER, Mit. With cristae. Secret testosterone/androgen

  25. Interstitial C

  26. Functions of leydig C • maintain spermatogenesis & secondary sex characteristics. • Be responsible for the development of genital organs in male. • Keep sex capability.

  27. （三）straight tubule & rete testis • Straight tubule: near the mediastinum of the testis ,where seminiferous tubule assume a short straight course. • Rete testis: the straight tubule empty into the rete testis, an anastomosing channel system within the mediastinum. • Sperm produced in seminiferous tubule pass by straight tubule & rete testis , leaving testis and arriving in epididymis .

  28. Straight tubule Rete testis seminiferous tubule

  29. 二、epididymis summary • head、body & tail. • head: efferent ductules. • body & tail: dutus epididymis.

  30. 1.efferent ductules • 8-12，continuous with rete testis • Epi.=high columnar C+low columnar C • Lumen is irregular • cilia is present.

  31. efferent ductules

  32. 2.dutus epididymis • 4-6m，highly convoluted • pseudostratified ciliated columnar Epi.=principal C + basal C • lumen is regular，filled with sperm & secretions • the proximal , efferent ductules; the distal, ductus deferens.

  33. dutus epididymis

  34. Epi. dutus epididymis

  35. 三ductus deferens • mucosa+muscular wall + adventitia • pseudostratified ciliated columnar Epi.=principal C + basal Cinner • muscular wall :longitudinal,middle circular, outer longitudinal SMC

  36. Ductus deferens

  37. Ductus deferens

  38. thank you!

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