International Plant Protection Convention: Ensuring Plant Health Worldwide

1. International Plant Protection Convention The International Plant Protection Convention(IPPC) Technical Panel on Diagnostic Protocols 26-30 July 2010 Washington DC, USA

2. The IPPC International Plant Protection Convention • Multilateral treaty for international cooperation in plant protection • Standard setting organization • Identified in the WTO-SPS Agreement as the authority for plant health standards • Facilitate the exchange of information between its contracting parties • Promotes technical assistance

3. Scope of the IPPC International Plant Protection Convention • International cooperation for the protection of plants and plant products from harmful pests • All plants: agricultural plants, forests, wild flora • All pests of plants: invertebrates, diseases and weeds • “Harm”: includes indirect effects such as those from weeds

4. IPPC facts International Plant Protection Convention • Last revision in 1997 and amendments entered into force in 2005 • consistent with SPS principles and expectations • formalizes Secretariat and standard-setting • 173 contracting parties (as of July 2010)

5. Key principles International Plant Protection Convention • Sovereign right to regulate • Measures - only when necessary • Measures should be: • consistent with the risk, technically justified and the least restrictive • non-discriminatory • transparent (published)

6. Key obligations under the IPPC International Plant Protection Convention • Set up and administer a National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO) • Designate an official IPPC contact point • Certify exports and regulate imports • Develop and take into account phytosanitary standards

7. Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM) International Plant Protection Convention • Governing body for the IPPC • Reviews global plant protection needs and sets the annual work programme • Adopts International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs) • Promotes technical assistance and information exchange activities

8. Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM) International Plant Protection Convention • Membership: contracting parties • Observers also attend (RPPOs, WTO, Convention on Biological Diversity, etc.) • Meets annually, provisional dates and venue for the next meeting is: CPM-6 - 14-18 March 2011 FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy

9. CPM Administrative Bodies International Plant Protection Convention • CPM Bureau • Standards Committee • Subsidiary Body on Dispute Settlement • Informal Working Groups • Expert Working Groups and Technical Panels

10. CPM Bureau International Plant Protection Convention • Composed from 7 members, one each from the 7 FAO regions, including CPM Chairperson and two Vice-Chairpersons • Acts on behalf of the CPM between sessions • Reviews some administrative and strategic issues, and make recommendations

11. CPM Administrative Bodies International Plant Protection Convention • Standards Committee (SC) • Oversees the standard setting process • Approves specifications for ISPMs, approves draft ISPMs for member consultation, reviews member comments, and recommends ISPMs for adoption by the CPM • Group of 25 international experts from the 7 FAO regions

12. CPM Administrative Bodies International Plant Protection Convention • Standards Committee (SC) • Meets two times per year (May and November) • Next SC Meeting 1-5 November 2010, Rome, Italy • On some topics, takes decisions by email between meetings

13. CPM Administrative Bodies International Plant Protection Convention • Five Technical Panels (TPs) on: • Phytosanitary Treatments (TPPT) 26-30 July 2010, Kyoto, Japan • Diagnostic Protocols (TPDP) 26-30 July 2010, Washington DC, USA • Forest Quarantine (TPFQ) 20-24 September 2010, TBA • Fruit Flies, pest free areas, and areas of low pest prevalence (TPFF) 4-8 October 2010, Vienna, Austria • Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms (TPG) 11-15 October 2010, Rome, Italy

14. Technical Panels (TPs) International Plant Protection Convention • Draft ISPMs and advise the SC • Experts nominated by NPPOs/RPPOs, selected by the SC • A steward guides the TP • Submit draft ISPM to the SC for review

15. Information exchange International Plant Protection Convention • Contracting parties provide: • Official contact points • Official information on pests and phytosanitary measures • IPPC Secretariat: • Provides official documents (ISPMs, reports, etc.) • Maintains the IPPC website www.ippc.int

16. Technical assistance International Plant Protection Convention • IPPC staff provide phytosanitary support to: • FAO technical cooperation programmes (TCPs) • Ad hoc workshops (e.g. WTO, SPS) • Programmes of other regional and international organizations (e.g. IAEA, APO, APEC)

17. Standard setting process International Plant Protection Convention • Biennial call for topics for ISPMs • SPTA and SC recommend topics • CPM decides topics for development • EWGs / TPs draft ISPMs • SC reviews drafts ISPMs • Member consultation • TP/SC incorporates comments • Adoption by the CPM

18. Standard setting process International Plant Protection Convention • 2 processes: “Regular” and “Special” • The special process • Used for non-concept or technical standards • Draft standards can be submitted to the SC at any time by e-mail

19. Standard setting work programme International Plant Protection Convention • 34 adopted ISPMs (plus some annexes, e.g. Thrips palmi DP) • 84 topics or subjects at various stages of development on the work programme • TPDP: 6 topics and 32 subjects (protocols) • Bacteria, Fungi and fungus-like organisms, Insects and mites, Nematodes, Plants, Viruses and phytoplasmas

20. Most recent adopted ISPMs (CPM-5, March) International Plant Protection Convention • ISPM No. 5 (2010): Glossary • ISPM No. 33 (2010): Pest free potato (Solanum spp.) micropropagative material and minitubers for international trade • ISPM No. 34 (2010) Design and operation of post-entry quarantine stations for plants • 3 phytosanitary treatments • Diagnostic protocol for Thrips palmi

21. Operation of the Technical Panel: International Plant Protection Convention • Members are selected based on their expertise in relation to the topic • Members have a 5-year term • Meetings are held annually • No observers allowed, but can have invited experts and representative from host and organizer • Working procedures

22. Operation of the Technical Panel International Plant Protection Convention • Roles: • Experts • Steward • Host / Organizer • Rapporteur • Invited Experts • Secretariat • Chair

23. Experts International Plant Protection Convention • Prepare for and attend meetings • Contribute knowledge and expertise • Actively participate in discussions • Aim to produce globally acceptable standards • Global representatives, not national or regional • On TPDP, relay to the group the issues raised by authors and editorial teams in their discipline

24. Steward International Plant Protection Convention • Member of the Standards Committee • Oversees the work of the TP and helps interpret directions from the SC • Link between TPDP and SC

25. Host / Organizer International Plant Protection Convention • Provide local information and assistance • Provide support for the organization and running of the meeting

26. Rapporteur International Plant Protection Convention • Ensures report of the meeting reflects the discussion • Assists with the development of the report

27. Invited Experts International Plant Protection Convention • Have specific expertise that is needed at the meeting • Invited to take part in the relevant part of the meeting

28. Secretariat International Plant Protection Convention • Provides information on IPPC • Facilitates the process • Keeps members on track with various IPPC procedures • Assists steward and TPDP • Organization and administration • Organizes the intersession work: feedback needed!

29. Chairperson International Plant Protection Convention • Elected by the TP members • Ensures meeting runs smoothly • Ensures everyone has a chance to speak • Finds compromises and agreements

30. Chairperson International Plant Protection Convention Let’s have a break so you can discuss who you will nominate to be your chair. Be back in 10 minutes.