Chapter 15

1. Chapter 15 Designing and Leading a Learning Organization

2. Chapter Objectives • Trace the evolution of leadership through four eras to the learning leadership required in many organizations today. • Recognize how leaders build learning organizations through changes in structure, tasks, systems, strategy, and culture. • Know when and how horizontally organized structures provide advantages over vertical, functionally organized ones. • Distinguish between tasks and roles and how each impacts employee satisfaction and organizational performance. • Meet the dual challenge of supporting both efficiency and learning by using ambidextrous organization design elements, embracing technology, and using after-action reviews.

3. Ex. 15.1 Leadership Evolution ENVIRONMENT Stable Chaotic Era 2 Rational Management Era 3 Team Leadership Micro • Behavior theories • Contingency theories • Setting: • Vertical hierarchy, bureaucracy • Management functions • Confusion • Empowerment • Quality • Setting: • Horizontal organization • Cross-functional teams • Downsizing Scope Era 1 Great Man Leadership Era 4 Learning Leadership • Trait theories • Setting: • Pre-bureaucratic organization • Administrative principles • Shared vision, alignment, relationships • Facilitate change and adaptation • Setting: • Learning organization • E-Business Macro

4. Learning A change in behavior or performance that occurs as a result of experience

5. A cycle of action, feedback, and synthesis that all living organisms share Adaptive Learning Cycle

6. Ex. 15.2 The Adaptive Learning Cycle Action Sensing Deciding Feedback Synthesis Learning

7. Learning Organization One in which everyone is engaged in identifying and solving problems

8. Ex. 15.3 Two Models of Organization Efficient Performance (Hard, rational model) Vertical Structure Routine tasks Rigid culture Formal systems Competitive strategy

9. Ex. 15.3(contd.) Learning Organization (Soft, intuitive model) Horizontal structure Adaptive culture Empowered roles Personal networks Collaborative strategy

10. Ex. 15.4 Evolution of Vertical to Horizontal Structure B. Functional organization with process overlays A. Vertical functional organization

11. Ex. 15.4 (contd.) C. Horizontal organization based on processes

12. Tasks Versus Roles Task: a narrowly defined work assignment Role: a part in a social system

13. Ex. 15.5 An Organizational Communication Network (adapted) Marketing Manufacturing Engineering David Sharon

14. Ambidextrous Organizations Flexible organizations in which leaders incorporate structures and management processes that are appropriate to innovation and learning, as well as to the efficient implementation of ideas

15. Knowledge Management The efforts to systematically gather knowledge, make it widely available, and foster a culture of collaboration and learning