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WARM UP

WARM UP. GRAB A BOOK & Turn to page 998 Read “Nelson Mandela: Glory and Hope” Complete the 3 “Analyzing Primary Resources” Questions at the bottom TURN IN WHEN FINISHED. The History of South Africa. Chapter 29 sec 2 Chapter 36 sec 4

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WARM UP

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  1. WARM UP • GRAB A BOOK & Turn to page 998 • Read “Nelson Mandela: Glory and Hope” • Complete the 3 “Analyzing Primary Resources” Questions at the bottom • TURN IN WHEN FINISHED

  2. The History of South Africa Chapter 29 sec 2 Chapter 36 sec 4 EQ: Why did South Africa become one of the few European colonies in Africa? How did the development of apartheid impact Africans?

  3. South Africa: The Beginning • As previously mentioned, the Dutch started a colony in South Africa in 1652 • When they stepped off the boat at Cape Town, they found open temperate farm land protected by high cliffs

  4. South Africa: The Beginning • When they stepped off the boat…THERE WAS NO ONE THERE… • So, they claimed themselves to the “White Tribe” of Africa and started calling themselves Afrikaaners • Yes, they eventually ran into scattered native populations • Like our “Native Americans”, they befriended them, even married them and had children with them > a “colored” social class emerges (more later) • The Cape Colony exists independent and peaceful for almost 200 years

  5. Trouble! • Along come the British (early 1800s)…with dreams of expanding their empire in Africa from “Cairo to the Cape”…and the Dutch stood in their way • The British establish port colonies in South Africa • A race to claim territory (British vs. Dutch = Great Trek) in South Africa’s interior begins with British settlement > Dutch establish new colonies in the northeast • As a part of this settlement race, the British import their “slave” labor from India and China

  6. The Natives Fight Back • Awaiting the British and Dutch in the north eastern interior of South Africa are vast amounts of tribal Africans (Khoi Khois, Sans, Swazis and Zulus) • Added in the mix is the eventual discovery of VAST mineral resources (diamonds and gold) in the north central Veld of South Africa • Britain hatches a plan to dominate Southern Africa • 1) They align with the Dutch to fight and conquer these “barbaric” peoples [First Boer War (aka Zulu Wars) 1880s]. Both groups win. • 2) Then, the British, after aligning with some native groups in Lesotho and Swaziland, attack the Dutch in order to conquer them (Second Boer War, 1899-1902). The British win!

  7. The British Deception • The British lie…they convinced the natives that the Dutch would enslave them (not true given that the Dutch had already intermarried with them) • The British rule South Africa under military control…until 1910…when they loosen the military control and grant the area “autonomy” to rule but still pay homage to the crown • This is the root of the apartheid system…Anger that the natives attacked the Afrikaaners with the British

  8. Apartheid Explained • The Afrikaaners/Boers move to geographically segregate all blacks as punishment for their alliance w/the British • They identify portions (undesirable land) of their territory to forced all blacks to live on…called “homelands” • Then, they created a legal (by law) social hierarchy

  9. Apartheid’s Social Rankings • Racial Classification • 1) White (Afrikaaners, Europeans, etc) = 14% • 2) Asians (imported labor) = 4% • 3) Cape colored = 10% • 4) African Blacks = 72% • Of course there was resistance to all of this…

  10. For the remainder of time… • Chapter 36 section 4 worksheet/quiz…DUE TOMORROW • Tomorrow: Biography – Nelson Mandela • This video will also highlight the reactions by Black South Africans to Apartheid

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