Imperialism & the Spanish American War

1. Imperialism & the Spanish American War

2. What is Imperialism?

3. ImperialismOne people Ruling or controlling other people

4. Where did the US implement Imperialism?

5. Pacific Islands

6. Philippines Hawaii Guam Samoa

7. The Caribbean

8. Cuba Puerto Rico

9. Why did the US implement Imperialism?

11. # 1 Everyone else is doing it. To compete as a world power

12. #2 A World Power has a powerful navy that needs fueling stations

14. #3 The best trade is with China and the world was leaving the US out.

15. Marianne of France Czar Nicholas II Queen Victoria Meiji Emperor of Japan William II

16. Follow the path from the US to China. We need the islands in between

17. #4 to spread Democracy

18. Pro-Imperialism "The Opposition tells us that we ought not to govern a people without their consent. I answer, The rule of liberty that all just government derives its authority from, the consent of the governed, applies only to those who are capable of self- government. I answer, We govern the Indians without their consent, we govern our territories without their consent, we govern our children without their consent. I answer, How do you assume that our government would be without their consent? Would not the people of the Philippines prefer the just, humane, civilizing government of this republic to the savage, bloody rule of pillage and extortion from which we have rescued them? " (Albert J. Beveridge, "March of the Flag," 16 September 1898)

19. Anti-Imperialism "Let us not be misled by names. Imperialism is not a question of crowns and scepters, of names and titles. It is a system of government. Where a man or body of men, an Emperor, a President, a Congress, or a Nation, claims the absolute right to rule a people, to compel the submission of that people by brute force, to decide what rights they shall have, what taxes they shall pay, what judges shall administer their laws, what men shall govern them,--all without responsibility to the people thus governed--this is imperialism, the antithesis of free government". (anti-Imperialist League 1901)

20. Manifest Destiny Expansion Imperialism Hawaii - annexed 1893 Samoa - Divided w/ Germany 1899 Cuba - Spanish American War 1898 - Platt Amendment 1901 Puerto Rico - Spanish American war armistice 1898 - Jones Act= territory and American Citizens1917 Guam - Spanish American War armistice 1898 Philippines - Treaty of Paris Spain sells for $20 million - Philippine War 1901 • 13 Colonies • Louisiana Purchase - Purchased from France1803 • Florida - Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 • Texas - annexation 1845 • Oregon - Oregon Treaty 1846 • Mexican Cession - Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848 • Gadsden Purchase - Ratified by Congress 1854 • Alaska - Purchased from Russia 1867

23. What were the Causes of the Spanish American War?

24. #1 Unrest in Cuba • Cuban fights for independence from Spain • Spanish General ValerianoWeyler (“Butcher Weyler”) puts civilians in concentration camps

25. #2 Yellow Journalism • A style of sensational exaggerated reporting • Popularized by William Hearst of the New York Journal and Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World

27. Male Spanish officials strip search an American woman tourist in Cuba looking for messages from rebels; front page "yellow journalism" from Hearst (artist: Remington)

28. Did Yellow Journalism start a War? • William Hearst sent Frederic Remington to draw war scenes • Remington sent Hearst a Telegram “Everything is quiet. There is no trouble here. There will be no war. I wish to return.” • Hearst responded “Please remain. You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war.”

30. #3 The De Lome Letter • Letter written by Enrique Dupuy de Lome: Spain’s minister to US • De Lome referred to McKinley as “weak and catering to the rabble” • Americans are insulted and want war!

31. #4 The USS Maine Explodes • USS Maine sent to Havanah Harbor to protect American lives and property • Feb. 15, 1898 it explodes • 260 American die

33. The half-submerged battleship Maine in the harbour of Havana, 1900

35. Spanish-American War • April 25, 1898 • US Declares War! • War ends July 1898 • Commodore George Dewey attacks in May and takes the Philippines Aug. 14, 1898

36. TR and the Rough Riders Volunteer cavalry of cowboys, gold or mining prospectors, hunters, gamblers, Buffalo soldiers, Native Americans and college boys from Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas and Indian Territory

40. Buffalo Soldiers • African American Soldiers • 9th and 10th Cavalry

41. San Juan Hill • Both Kettle and San Juan Hill • Led by T. Roosevelt • Americans lost 3x the men • Launches T. Roosevelt’s political career

42. Battle of San Juan Hill (Kettle) Hill) "We were exposed to the Spanish fire, but there was very little because just before we started, why, the Gatling guns opened up at the bottom of the hill, and everybody yelled, “The Gatlings! The Gatlings!” and away we went. The Gatlings just enfiladed the top of those trenches. We’d never have been able to take Kettle Hill if it hadn’t been for Parker’s Gatling guns.” Jesse D. Langdon of the 1st Volunteer Infantry

45. What did the US gain from the War? • The US gains - Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines • War cost = $250 million • 2,000 die

46. How did imperialism impact the Philippines? • Filipino nationalists did not want US rule • 3yrs of fighting in Philippine American War - 220,000 Filipinos die • War ends 1901 • Full independence not granted until July 4, 1946

49. Puerto Rico- bowl says Free Trade Prosperity Plum Pudding Cuba- bowl says Reciprocity There’s plenty of room at the table, why not ask the hungry little fellow to sit down Philippines US Prosperity all the Time