Sexually Transmitted Diseases

1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases Genital Herpes Gonorrhea Syphilis Chlamydia Trichomoniasis H.I.V., A.I.D.S.

2. Genital Herpes A variation of Varicella-Zoster Virus Caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus A.K.A. (HSV). There are two types of Genital Herpes, ( Type 1 / Type 2 ) Can be transmitted through Anal, Oral, Vaginal sex, kissing and skin to skin contact with infected people. Type 1 affects the mouth, causing fever blisters, Type 2 usually affects the genitals, causing blisters, rash and sores. Most individuals have no idea they have Herpes.

3. Genital Herpes Symptoms Itching, burning, tingling in genital area. Aches or pains in genital area. Rash, bumps, blisters, cuts or sores in the genital area. Flu like symptoms, fever, swollen glands, vaginal / penile discharge, pain when urinating.

4. Genital Herpes Facts An estimated 40 million people have Genital herpes. An Est. 500,000 people are symptomatic every year. Has increased dramatically amongst young Caucasians 12-19yrs old. Pregnant Women with Genital Herpes can transmit fatal infections to their children during birth.

5. Gonorrhea Caused by the Bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae AKA “The Clap” Spreads by Anal sex, Oral sex , Hetero Sex, mother to child, and infected clothes / washcloths.

6. Gonorrhea Symptoms In Men Creamy or green, pus-like discharge from the penis Painful urination (burning sensation) Testicular pain In Women: Bleeding between periods Creamy or green, pus-like or bloody vaginal discharge Excessive bleeding during menstrual period Irritation of the vulva Lower abdominal pain  Painful intercourse Painful urination (burning sensation) Rectal infection Throat infection 

7. Gonorrhea Facts In women The opening (cervix) to the womb (uterus) from the birth canal is the first place of infection The disease can spread into the womb and fallopian tubes, resulting in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) which can cause infertility in up to 10% of infected women and tubal (ectopic) pregnancy Risk Groups Any person who is sexually active can be infected with Gonorrhea Common among younger people, ages 15-30, who have multiple sex partners Increases in Gonorrhea have been found among men who have sex with men Occurs more frequently in urban areas than in rural areas It is the most common reportable sexually transmitted infection in the United States, with an estimated 800,000 cases of Gonorrhea reported annually 

8. Gonorrhea Facts Estimated 800,000 cases of Gonorrhea reported annually  Long term complications In Men Epididymitis (an inflammation of the testicles that can cause sterility) In Women Abscesses Ectopic pregnancy (a pregnancy outside of the uterus) Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) an ascending infection that spreads from the vagina and cervix to the uterus and fallopian tubes, which can lead to sterility Perihepatitis (an infection around the liver) Sterility In newborns Gonorrhea can be transmitted to newborns

9. Gonorrhea facts If untreated the Gonorrhea infection can spread:  Into the reproductive tract and through the bloodstream infecting:  brain (rarely) heart valves joints Gonococcal Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) often appears immediately after menstruation and causes: In Women Abscesses Perihepatitis, an infection around the liver, as a long-term complication Scar tissue to form in the fallopian tubes Sterilization in females  The embryo to implant in the tube causing a tubal (ectopic) pregnancy, which can result in miscarriage and sometimes death of the mother   The fertilized egg not to pass into the uterus if the tubes are partially scarred In Men Arthritis Epididymitis, an inflammation of the testicles that can cause sterility in the long term Other organ infections Skin problems Swelling of the testicles and penis

10. Syphilis Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by a bacterium (Treponema pallidum). The initial infection causes an ulcer at the site of infection.  Syphilis, once virtually untreatable, can nowadays be effectively diagnosed and treated with antibiotic therapy.  In an infected person the bacterium spreads from the initial ulcer to the skin or mucous membranes of: the anus of a sexual partner the genital area the mouth The bacterium can pass through broken skin on parts of the body.  The syphilis bacterium is very fragile and infection is usually spread by, an infected pregnant woman who can pass the bacterium to her unborn baby, which can result in the child being born with serious mental and physical problems sexual contact

11. Syphilis Symptoms Early symptoms of syphilis are often very mild, and treatment is often not sought when first infected. Syphilis increases the risk of transmitting and receiving (HIV). Over time, the bacteria moves throughout the body, causing damage to many organs. An untreated infected person may infect others during the first 2 stages (1-2 years).  Even though untreated syphilis is not contagious in the late stage serious complications can occur: blindness mental disorders neurological problems serious heart abnormalities death   

12. Primary Syphilis Symptoms Primary syphilis First stage An ulcer (a chancre ["shan-ker"]) appears within 10 days to 3 months after exposure, but usually within 2-6 weeks The chancre may be painless and can remain undetected inside the body, so may go unnoticed The chancre usually appears on the part of the body exposed to the partner’s ulcer, such as: the anus the cervix the lips the penis the tongue the vagina the vulva other parts of the body These usually disappear within a few weeks whether treated or not.  If left untreated during the primary stage, about one-third will continue on to chronic stages.       

13. Secondary Syphilis Symptoms Secondary syphilis The most common symptoms include: a rash of flat, red lesions over the whole body (including the palms of the hands and soles of the feet) fever swollen glands broad-based papules (lumps or warts) in warm, moist sites mucous patches or snail-track ulcers in the mouth, appearing from 3-6 weeks after the chancre develops Active bacteria are present in the sores, so physical contact (sexual or nonsexual) with the broken skin of an infected person is not recommended as transmission of the disease is possible. After several weeks or months the rash seems to heal itself. 

14. Other Secondary Syphilis Symptoms Other symptoms such as: fatigue headache mild fever patchy hair loss sore throat swollen lymph glands throughout the body also may occur but will usually disappear without treatment. The secondary stage of secondary syphilis appears 2-4 months after infection, lasting several weeks and often recurring in the following 2 years and can come and go over the next1-2 years.          

15. Latent Syphilis Latent stage syphilis A stage of infection caused by T. pallidum in which organisms persist in the infected person's body without causing symptoms or signs. Latent syphilis is subdivided into: Early initial infection occurring within the previous 12 months Late initial infection has occurred greater than 1 year previously) Unknown categories based on the duration of infection no evidence of having acquired the disease within the preceding 12 months

16. Tertiary Syphilis Symptoms A minority (up to 30%) of individuals with untreated syphilis may develop tertiary syphilis with lesions many years after the initial infection. The lesions can be benign, causing no serious disability, or they may involve the:  brain eyes nervous system joints spinal cord (neurosyphilis) as well as heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular syphilis),producing severe complications resulting in : blindness heart disease mental illness other neurological problems death  Some syphilis cases (especially latent or late stages),  need to have a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to check for infection of the nervous system.         

17. Other Tertiary Syphilis Symptoms Other clinical signs of syphilis (late) include: Inflammatory lesions of the: bones cardiovascular system skin Occasionally other areas of the body may be affected such as: abdominal organs eyes lymph nodes mouth reproductive organs upper and lower respiratory tracts Late syphilis usually becomes apparent after 15-30 years of untreated infection.

18. Syphilis in Pregnant Women An untreated  pregnant woman with active syphilis will pass the infection to her unborn child: about 25% will have stillbirth or neonatal death 40-70% will have syphilis-infected babies Babies with congenital syphilis can have symptoms at birth, but symptoms can develop two weeks to three months later, including: anemia fever rashes skin sores* swollen liver and spleen various deformities  weak/hoarse crying sounds yellowish skin (jaundice) *The moist sores of congenital syphilis are infectious.      When infected infants become older children and teenagers, late-stage syphilis symptoms may occur, including damage to:  bones brain        eyes ears teeth

19. Chlamydia Chlamydia is actually a group of different infections caused by different strains of the Chlamydia bacterium:   Chlamydia pneumonia causes a type of walking pneumonia Chlamydia psittaci causes a type of pneumonia caused by birds Chlamydia trachomatis causes various sexually transmitted diseases 

20. Chlamydia Symptoms It is called Asymptomatic if there are no symptoms In the beginning Chlamydia may not make you feel anything so you may not even know you have it It can just come and go In Pre-puberty Girls Vaginal discharge and odor (Vaginitis) In Post-puberty Girls Discharge (off-white) and odor which comes from the cervix being infected In Women Chlamydia is often silent in women, with up to 90% of women asymptomatic. Women can carry the bacteria for months or even years without knowing it. This makes screening very important.  Symptoms can start to occur within 3 weeks after getting the infection and include the following: Mild, milky or yellow mucus-like vaginal discharge

21. Chlamydia Symptoms Chlamydia can also lead to: Cervicitis which is inflammation of the cervix.    5-13% of the women in the U.S. who get Chlamydia get cervicitis. Salpingitis which is inflammation of the fallopian tubes  Ectopic Pregnancy If a pregnant woman has Chlamydia trachomatis the risk of an Ectopic pregnancy is much higher. This is where the fetus does not grow in the womb but in the ectopic tubes. Chlamydia can silently linger for months without symptoms and the infection may move inside the body if it is not treated, where it may cause: Epidydimitis in men Pelvic Inflammatory Disease In babies 1/4 of babies passing down the infected birth canal will get Chlamydia Pneumonia 1/2 of all babies born to infected women after delivery through the birth canal will develop Chlamydial Conjunctivitis (pink eye) a week after birth In severe cases blindness may occur  The bacteria can be easily passed to the developing child within the uterus The child may have respiratory diseases for a long time if not treated  

22. Chlamydia Symptoms In men Chlamydia causes something called NON-SPECIFIC URETHRITIS (NSU) which can produce symptoms such as: Burning on urination (non-gonoccocal urethritis (NGU)) Groin pain and swelling (Epididymitis) Irritation around opening of the penis Mild, sticky, milky or mucus-like discharge from penis Pain when urinating Swollen testes (which if not treated can lead to infertility) Testicular pain Symptoms may seem to "come and go"   Other conditions The infection can occur in the Pharynx (throat) from oral-genital contact The infection can be spread to the eyes causing inflammation of the lining of the eye (pink eye) In tropical climates, a particular strain of C. trachomatis causes an STD called Lymphogranuloma venereum(LGV) which can get into the skin through tiny cuts.   After months or years it can spread to other lymph nodes causing: Genital problems Proctitis (inflamed rectum) Skin breakdown (ulceration) Pain and Swelling

23. Effects Of Chlamydia Complications When treated early, there are no long term consequences of Chlamydia. Serious complications can result however when left untreated. In men Long term complications may include: Epididymitis - an inflammation of the testicles that can cause sterility Prostatitis - an infection of the prostate gland Reiter's Syndrome - an autoimmune, arthritis-like condition Sterility In women Long term complication may include: Perihepatitis an infection around the liver Reiter's Syndrome an automimmune, arthritis-like condition Sterility Long term complication in infants may include: Blindness Ear infections Eye infections Pneumonia Death

24. Chlamydia Facts It is estimated that more than 4 million people are infected each year.  Rates of Chlamydia in the United States are highest in the West and Midwest, with Missouri having above average numbers.    As many as 1 in 10 adolescent girls tested for Chlamydia is infected.   Teenage girls have the highest rates of Chlamydial infection regardless of demographics or location: 15-19 year old girls 46% of infections 20-24 year old women 33% of infections Chlamydial infection is widespread geographically and highly prevalent among these economically disadvantaged young women between 16 and 24 years old. People infected with Chlamydia often have no symptoms therefore are often unaware they are infected and may not seek professional health care.  Approximately: 50% of men 75% of women

25. Chlamydia Facts Chlamydial infection is a curable sexually transmitted disease (STD), which can be transmitted during oral, vaginal, or anal sex with an infected partner from a mother to her newborn baby during delivery  When diagnosed, Chlamydia can be easily treated and cured. Untreated, Chlamydia can cause serious long and short term health problems in men and women as well as in newborn babies of infected mothers, including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can cause: Infertility Tubal pregnancy (which can sometimes be fatal) Chlamydia may also result in problems for the newborn such as: neonatal conjunctivitis pneumonia  Chlamydia trachomatis is currently one of the most common and widespread bacterial STDs in the United States.

26. H.I.V., A.I.D.S. (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) or HIV is a disease in which the virus attacks the (white blood cells) WBC; primarily the T-cells T-cells are the cells that direct other WBC to attack various diseases Once the T-cells have been taken over by the Virus in then begins to take over other WBC by infecting subordinate WBC The average human body has 1,000+ T-cells, once the figure goes below 200 and/ or multiple diseases occur of unknown onset w/o blood test (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) AIDS is declared; as a possibility or as a diagnoses acc/w a confirming blood test. HIV can acquired from; all types of sex with an infected partner, IV drug use form infected needles, Blood transfusion prior to 1985.

27. HIV, AIDS FACTS As of the year 2000, nearly one million people in the U.S. were confirmed to be HIV-positive. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that 2.2 million Americans now carry the HIV virus but do not yet have symptoms. Each year, about 40,000 new HIV infections occur in the U.S. AIDS is a leading cause of death for American men and women between the ages of 25 and 44. Through June 2000, 438,795 people in the U.S. had died from AIDS (374,422 men and 64,373 women). By the end of 2000, 36.1 million people worldwide were living with HIV/AIDS, with the vast majority living in developing countries. Through 2000, 21.8 million people worldwide have died from AIDS. Between 1991 and 1996, there were more new cases of AIDS among people older than 50 than those between ages 13 and 49. Today, 11% of all new cases of AIDS in the U.S. are now in people over the age of 50. The HIV carrier rate in the U.S. is now 1 carrier for every 100 to 200 people.

28. HIV, AIDS Symptoms Early Symptoms Of HIV Infection Some people, but not all, develop symptoms within a month or two of exposure to HIV. These people may have a flu-like illness with such symptoms as: Fever Rash Headache Loss of appetite Swollen glands (enlarged lymph nodes ) Achy muscles and joints

29. HIV,AIDS Summary AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency, or immune deficiency, syndrome) is an advanced stage of a viral infection that attacks the body's disease-fighting immune system. HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus) is the infectious agent that is the cause of AIDS. HIV/AIDS testing is available anonymously through clinics and requires a blood sample. Not everyone who has HIV infection develops AIDS. A number of drugs are available to help HIV-infected individuals live longer and healthier lives.

30. STD Summary Condoms are effective in curbing the chances of contracting an STD, most are 95% effective. Military Community Health and Wellness Centers distribute them most of the time. IV drug use although not an intelligent thing to do, apply intelligence and use clean needles. Contrary to popular belief hetero-sexual people spread and contract STDs more frequently than homo-sexual people. There is NO Cure for HIV, AIDS, and NO CURE for some STD’s in advanced stages. Remember most people do not know they have STDs. Some people do know and don’t care or are too embarrassed. The best protection is abstinence, and common sense.

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