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AMATEUR SEISMOLOGY

AMATEUR SEISMOLOGY. Mt Barker event. PIRSA SYSTEM. AS-1 Seismometer. CLEVE Event. Comparison Table for amplitudes at 100km distance, amplitude in mm Magnitude Ground amplitude (mm) 0 0.00000048 1 0.0000048 2 0.000048 3 0.00048 4 0.0048 5 0.048 6 0.48 7 4.8

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AMATEUR SEISMOLOGY

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  1. AMATEUR SEISMOLOGY

  2. Mt Barker event

  3. PIRSA SYSTEM

  4. AS-1 Seismometer

  5. CLEVE Event

  6. Comparison Table for amplitudes at 100km distance, amplitude in mm • Magnitude Ground amplitude (mm) 0 0.00000048 1 0.0000048 2 0.000048 3 0.00048 4 0.0048 5 0.048 6 0.48 7 4.8 8 48 9 480 • Magnitude = Log10 (A/Ao) where Ao at 100km =0.00000048 mm

  7. Raw data of EQ event

  8. Filtered with 1Hz L.P.

  9. USGS • 5.3 Mb - NEAR EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN • Preliminary Earthquake Report Magnitude5.3 Mb • Date-Time • 18 Mar 2011 08:01:34 UTC • 18 Mar 2011 17:01:34 near epicenter • 18 Mar 2011 16:01:34 standard time in your timezone • Location35.775N 140.868E • Depth24 km • Distances • 74 km (46 miles) SSE (152 degrees) of Mito, Honshu, Japan • 102 km (63 miles) E (83 degrees) of TOKYO, Japan • 144 km (89 miles) S (181 degrees) of Iwaki, Honshu, Japan • Location UncertaintyHorizontal: 19.5 km; Vertical 1.7 km • ParametersNph = 232; Dmin = 310.6 km; Rmss = 0.86 seconds; Gp = 115°M-type = Mb; Version = 6 • Event IDUS c00025rc

  10. PIRSA eq advice • time=2011-03-13 0125 59.4 • Revision 2 • longitude=143.75 • latitude=36.05 • depth=10.0km • town=352km SE of Sendai Japan • MD=0.9 • ML=4.4 • stddev=0.18 • gap=359 • Arrivals • time site phase residual distance travelTime res/tt • Active Arrivals: • 2011-03-13 0136 49.1 ARKL P 0.12 7356 649.69 0.00019 • 2011-03-13 0136 58.5 HKER P -0.22 7526 659.08 -0.00033 • 2011-03-13 0137 15.2 HML1 P 0.19 7818 675.79 0.00029 • 2011-03-13 0137 15.2 SDAN P -0.15 7824 675.82 -0.00022 • 2011-03-13 0137 21.4 MYP P 0.06 7934 682.01 0.00008 • Deferred Arrivals: • Arrival Durations: • 2011-03-13 0137 21.48 MYP DUR 22.5secs MD 0.9 • Peak Amplitudes and Frequencies: • 2011-03-13 0136 54.10 ARKL MAX 155.3 1.2Hz • 2011-03-13 0137 12.14 HKER MAX 11363.7 2.0Hz • 2011-03-13 0137 18.31 HML1 MAX 685.1 1.5Hz ML 4.8 • 2011-03-13 0137 18.54 SDAN MAX 544.8 0.9Hz • 2011-03-13 0137 24.43 MYP MAX 394.0 0.8Hz ML 3.9

  11. Christchurch events compared

  12. Christchurch EQ

  13. GIF of 9-3-11

  14. Bali Sea

  15. GIF of 11-3-11

  16. Honshu Japan M8.9 event

  17. Energy distribution for the entire March 11, 2011 Tohoku-Chiho Taiheiyo-Oki earthquake. The large white star is the epicenter of the mainshock, the focal mechanism comes from the Global CMT catalogue. The background colors and the black contours are the back-projection results from the March 11th mainshock. The green and red contours are the back-projection results from a Mw 7.2 event that occurred on March 9th and a Mw 6.8 event that occurred about 30 minutes after the mainshock, respectively. The small white stars are the epicenters for these events. Note the lack of overlap between these smaller events and the mainshock. The thick black line is the coastline and the the orange line is the trench location. Based upon the area of the back-projection results, we estimate a magnitude of 8.7, a rupture length of 390 km, and a rupture width of 240 km.

  18. QUESTIONS?

  19. Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale • The Modified Mercalli (MM) Scale is a scale of seismic intensity used to measure (or rate) the effects of an earthquake at the different sites where it was felt. • The scale is given in roman numerals from I to XII (1 to 12) with I being the lowest and XII being the highest. • MM I Not felt by humans, but birds and animals may be disturbed. • MM II Felt by a few persons at rest indoors, especially by those on upper floors. • MM III Felt indoors, but not identified as an earthquake by everyone. Vibrations likened to the passing of light traffic. Hanging objects may swing slightly. • MM IV Generally noticed indoors, but not outside. Like the passing of heavy traffic, or the jolt of a heavy object falling or striking the building. Walls and frame of building creak. Doors and windows rattle. Glassware and crockery rattle. Liquids in open vessels may be slightly disturbed. • MM V Generally felt outside, and by almost everyone indoors. Most sleepers awakened. A few people frightened. Small unstable objects may be displaced or upset. Some glassware and crockery may be broken. Some windows crack. Hanging pictures move. Doors and shutters swing. • MM VI Felt by all. People and animals alarmed. Many run outside. Difficulty experienced in walking steadily. Slight damage to Masonry D. Some plaster cracks or falls. Isolated cases of chimney damage. Windows and crockery broken. Objects fall from shelves, and pictures from walls. Heavy furniture moves. Unstable furniture overturns. • MM VII Difficulty experienced in standing. Noticed by drivers of motorcars. Trees and bushes strongly shaken. Large bells ring. Masonry D cracked and damaged. A few instances of damage to Masonry C. Loose brickwork dislodged. Unbraced parapets and architectural ornaments may fall. Weak chimneys break. Domestic rainwater tanks burst. • MM VIII Alarm may approach panic. Steering of motorcars affected. Masonry C damaged, with partial collapse. Masonry B damaged in some cases. Chimneys, factory stacks brought down. Some brick veneers damaged. Unsecured frame houses may move. Landslips in roadside cuttings. • MM IX Panic. Masonry D destroyed. Masonry C heavily damaged, sometimes collapsing completely. Masonry B seriously damaged. Damage to foundations. Brick veneers fall and expose frames. Ground cracking occurs. Minor damage to paths and roadways. Underground pipes broken. Serious damage to reservoirs. • MM X Most masonry structures destroyed. Some well-built wooden buildings and bridges seriously damaged. Railway lines slightly bent. Roads and pavements badly cracked. Spectacular sand and mud fountains. • MM XI Wooden frame structures destroyed. Great damage to railway lines. Great damage to underground pipes. • MM XII Damage virtually total.

  20. Richter magnitudes Description Earthquake effects Frequency of occurrence • Less than 2.0 Micro Micro earthquakes, not felt.] About 8,000 per day • 2.0–2.9 Minor Generally not felt, but recorded. About 1,000 per day • 3.0–3.9 Minor Often felt, but rarely causes damage. 49,000 per year (est.) • 4.0–4.9 Light Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely. 6,200 per year (est.) • 5.0–5.9 Moderate Can cause major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions. At most slight damage to well-designed buildings. 800 per year • 6.0–6.9 Strong Can be destructive in areas up to about 160 kilometres (100 mi) across in populated areas. 120 per year • 7.0–7.9 Major Can cause serious damage over larger areas. 18 per year • 8.0–8.9 Great Can cause serious damage in areas several hundred kilometres across. 1 per year • 9.0–9.9 Devastating in areas several thousand kilometres across. 1 per 20 years • 10.0+ Massive Never recorded, widespread devastation across very large areas; see below for equivalent seismic energy yield. Extremely rare (Unknown) • (Based on U.S. Geological Survey documents.)[13]

  21. International Registry of Seismograph Stationsmaintained jointly byInternational Seismological Centre & World Data Center for Seismology, Denver • Code Station name/Region Latitude Longitude Elevation Depth Prime Status • ============================================================================================================== • ADE Adelaide -34.96690 138.70900 655.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • ARKL Arkaroola -30.27600 139.33900 520.0 • South Australia,Australia • BBOO Buckleboo -32.81020 136.05880 321.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • CLV Cleve -33.69110 136.49600 238.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • EDO Endilloe -32.32167 138.04833 300.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • FR27 Wilpena Pound -31.52300 138.62300 534.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • GHSS Government House -34.91940 138.60170 42.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • GLEN Glenside -34.94350 138.63100 70.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • HKER Hawker -31.76419 138.55239 440.0 • South Australia,Australia • HKN Hawks Nest -30.01167 135.18667 171.0 • South Australia,Australia • HML1 Hamley Bridge -34.40340 138.58890 73.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • HMV1 Hindmarsh Valley -35.49030 138.63690 96.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • HTT Hallett -33.43060 138.92200 708.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • HWKN Hawk's Nest -29.95780 135.20350 180.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • ILN Island Lagoon -31.39310 136.87000 137.0 • South Australia,Australia • KELC Kelly Hill Caves -35.98250 136.91111 100.0 • South Australia,Australia

  22. MGBR Mount Gambier -37.72831 140.57100 190.0 • South Australia,Australia • MPTV Morphett Vale -35.13010 138.53740 100.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • MRAT Mt Rat -34.63000 137.62540 120.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • South Australia,Australia • NAPP Napperby -33.18280 138.14780 181.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • NBK Nectar Brook -32.70100 137.98300 180.0 • South Australia,Australia • PARN Parndana -35.80589 137.23889 140.0 • South Australia,Australia • PLMR Palmer -34.87280 139.15080 138.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • PNA Partacoona -32.00610 138.16500 180.0 Closed • South Australia,Australia • PTPS Port Pirie -33.17250 137.99430 9.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • RPA Roopena -32.72500 137.40300 • South Australia,Australia • SDAN Sedan -34.50931 139.33739 125.0 • South Australia,Australia • SNL Sevenhill -33.88720 138.63900 480.0 Closed • South Australia,Australia • STR2 Strathalbyn -35.28710 138.84790 155.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • THS The Heights School -34.74169 138.77331 340.0 • South Australia,Australia • TWOA Tennyson Woods -35.03250 138.57806 165.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • UMB Umberatana -30.24000 139.12806 610.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • UTT Tea Tree Gully -34.82150 138.73669 300.0 • South Australia,Australia • WHYH Whyalla -33.03300 137.57440 43.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • WKA Willalooka -36.41700 140.32100 40.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • WSA Woomera -31.14500 136.80500 • South Australia,Australia • YE6 Yeelanna, site6 -34.15890 135.83230 180.0 0.0 Open • South Australia,Australia • MYP Myponga -35.44360 138.41620 150.0 0.0 Open • International Seismological Centre

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